| Preparation of Yeast tRNA Sample for NMR Spectroscopy
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Author:
Date:
2020-06-20
[Abstract] Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) are heavily decorated with post-transcriptional modifications during their biosynthesis. To fulfil their functions within cells, tRNAs undergo a tightly controlled biogenesis process leading to the formation of mature tRNAs. In addition, functions of tRNAs are often modulated by their modifications. Although the biological importance of post-transcriptional RNA modifications is widely appreciated, methods to directly detect their introduction during RNA biosynthesis are rare and do not easily provide information on the temporal nature of events. To obtain information on the tRNA maturation process, we have developed a methodology, using NMR as a tool to monitor tRNA maturation in a non-disruptive and continuous fashion in cellular extracts. By following the ...
[摘要] [摘要 ] 转移RNA（tRNA ）在其生物合成过程中大量修饰有转录后修饰。为了在细胞内履行其功能，tRNA 经历了严格控制的生物生成过程，导致了成熟的tRNA 的形成。此外，tRNA的功能通常是虽然转录后修饰RNA的生物学重要性被广泛理解，方法直接检测它们的RNA生物合成过程中引入是罕见的，并且不容易提供上events.To的时间特性信息获取的信息的tRNA 成熟 在此过程中，我们开发了一种方法，使用NMR作为监测细胞提取物中tRNA 成熟的无中断和连续方式。通过模型酵母tRNA 的时间分辨NMR 成熟，我们发现修饰是该方法的实施需要对具有不同修饰状态的tRNA 样品进行NMR光谱学分析，以鉴定各个修饰的NMR特征。此处将介绍用于NMR光谱分析修饰途径的tRNA 样品的生产，并在酵母tRNA Phe 上进行例证，但可以通过更改构建体的序列扩展到其他tRNA 。该方案描述了未修饰的生产通过体外转录获得tRNA 样品，并通过在大肠杆菌中重组表达tRNA 产生修饰的tRNA 样品。大肠杆菌。
[背景 ] 在生活的各个领域，合成和RNA的成熟包括在特定地点的核苷酸的转录后的化学修饰。在不同的RNA家族，tRNA基因不仅显示最高多种化学修饰，而且密度最高每转录修饰（〜中经修饰的核苷酸8-25％的tRNA 各种生物体的）（Boccaletto ...
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| Purification of Rice Stripe Virus
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Author:
Date:
2020-03-20
[Abstract] Although many spherical and rod-shaped plant virus purification protocols are now available, only a few protocols on filamentous plant virus purification have been published. Here, we report a protocol for large-scale purification of Rice stripe virus (RSV) from RSV-infected rice tissues. RSV virions with high infectivity were first precipitated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) followed by pelleting through primary ultracentrifugation, ultracentrifugation in a glycerol cushion and ultracentrifugation in density gradient. The purified RSV virions can not only be viewed as filamentous particles under an electron microscope, but can also be acquired by insect vector through direct injection into insect body or through membrane feeding prior to transmission to rice plants.
[摘要] [摘要 ] 尽管现在可以使用许多球形和杆状植物病毒的纯化方案，但有关丝状植物病毒纯化的协议却只有少数。在这里，我们提出一个协议水稻的大规模纯化小号牛肚v IRUS 从RSV感染的水稻组织（RSV）。首先用聚乙二醇（PEG）沉淀具有高感染力的RSV 病毒颗粒，然后通过一次超速离心，在甘油垫层中超速离心和密度梯度超速离心沉淀。纯化的RSV 病毒体不仅可以在电子显微镜下观察为丝状颗粒，而且还可以通过昆虫载体直接注入昆虫体内或在送入水稻之前通过膜饲喂获得。
[背景 ] 许多purificatio n，用于球形和棒状病毒协议已被发表（安德烈é 等人，2002; BALKE 。等人，2018） 。这些协议都依赖于化学沉淀或密度梯度离心。但是，丝状病毒的纯化方案目前受到限制。
大米小号肚v 病毒属（RSV）是负链RNA病毒，属于属纤细病毒，订单Bunyavirales 。在许多东亚国家，RSV经常对水稻生产造成严重损害（Whitfield 等，2015； Liu 等，2018）。与生产球状和包膜病毒体的Bunyavirales 顺序中的其他成员不同，RSV 病毒体是丝状的。然而，RSV基因组编码在纯化的RSV 病毒体中未发现的糖蛋白（Toriyama，19 86； Lu 等人，2019）。已知RSV ...
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| Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Activity Assay in the Yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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Author:
Date:
2020-03-05
[Abstract] Superoxide dismutases (SODs) act as a primary defence against reactive oxygen species (ROS) by converting superoxide anion radicals (O2-) into molecular oxygen (O2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Members of this enzyme family include CuZnSODs, MnSODs, FeSODs, and NiSODs, depending on the nature of the cofactor that is required for proper activity. Most eukaryotes, including yeast, possess CuZnSOD and MnSOD. This protocol aims at assessing the activity of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae MnSOD Sod2p from cellular extracts using nitroblue tetrazolium staining. This method can be used to estimate the cellular bioavailability of Mn2+ as well as to evaluate the redox state of the cell.
[摘要] [摘要 ] 超氧化物歧化酶（SOD能）充当主防御针对反应性氧物质（ROS）通过转换的超氧阴离子自由基（O 2 - ）为分子氧（O 2 ）和过氧化氢（H 2 ? 2 ）。这种酶的家庭成员包括CuZnSODs ，MnSODs ，FeSODs 和NiSODs ，这取决于是需要适当的活动辅助因子的性质。大多数真核生物，包括酵母，都具有CuZnSOD 和MnSOD 。该协议旨在评估酵母的活性 使用硝基蓝四唑染色法从细胞提取物中提取酿酒酵母MnSOD Sod2p 。该方法可用于估计Mn 2+ 的细胞生物利用度以及评估细胞的氧化还原状态。
[背景 ] 的SODs被定义为减少正常有氧代谢为氧气和过氧化氢期间形成的氧的有害自由基含金属的抗氧化剂酶。：这些酶是基于需要作为辅因子进行适当的酶活性的金属分类CuZnSODs ，MnSODs ，FeSODs ，和NiSODs 。在酿酒酵母中，有两个S OD ：CuZn-Sod1p和Mn-Sod2p（Abreu和Cabelli ...
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