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α-Amylase from porcine pancreas

来自猪胰腺的α-淀粉酶

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: A3176
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In vitro Chaperone Activity Assay Using α-Amylase as Target Protein
Author:
Date:
2018-06-20
[Abstract]  Small heat shock proteins (sHSP) are stress proteins which are ubiquitously found in almost all living organisms. They function as molecular chaperones, which assist in protein folding during translation and in the prevention of irreversible protein aggregation under denaturing conditions. This protocol describes the use of α-amylase as target protein in assessing the chaperone activity of wild and mutant recombinant small heat shock proteins of Mycobacterium leprae. Chaperone activity of these proteins, along with α-crystallin, a standard sHSP was demonstrated using a new method employing their protective effect against heat denaturation of α-amylase from porcine pancreas. The regained enzymatic activity of the α-amylase was demonstrated on starch agar plates stained with ... [摘要]  小热休克蛋白(sHSP)是在几乎所有生物体中无处不在发现的应激蛋白。 它们作为分子伴侣起作用,这有助于在翻译过程中蛋白质折叠以及在变性条件下预防不可逆的蛋白质聚集。 该协议描述了使用α-淀粉酶作为靶蛋白来评估麻风分枝杆菌的野生和突变重组小热休克蛋白的分子伴侣活性。 这些蛋白质的陪伴分子活性以及标准sHSP的α-晶状体蛋白通过采用其对猪胰α-淀粉酶的热变性的保护作用的新方法被证实。 在用碘 - 碘化钾(I 2 -KI)溶液染色的淀粉琼脂平板上证实α-淀粉酶的重新酶活性。

【背景】热休克蛋白(HSPs)是一组保守的蛋白质,当细胞暴露于外部应激(包括热应激和冷应激)时诱导蛋白质。该组中的大多数成员在功能上与蛋白质折叠和解折叠机制有关。小热休克蛋白(sHSPs)是热休克蛋白的子集,其分子大小为12至43kDa,并且保守的C末端区域称为'α-晶域'。 sHSP通过与部分未折叠的蛋白结合并阻止其完全变性而显示ATP非依赖性分子伴侣活性。有几种用于证明sHSPs的体外伴侣蛋白活性的方法,其使用各种底物蛋白如RuBisCO(Goloubinoff等人,1989),rhodanese(Mendoza等人(Farahbakhsh等,1995),溶菌酶(Rozema和Gellman,1996),苹果酸脱氢酶(Lee等, ...

Preparation of Purified Gram-positive Bacterial Cell Wall and Detection in Placenta and Fetal Tissues
Author:
Date:
2016-12-05
[Abstract]  Cell wall is a complex biopolymer on the surface of all Gram-positive bacteria. During infection, cell wall is recognized by the innate immune receptor Toll-like receptor 2 causing intense inflammation and tissue damage. In animal models, cell wall traffics from the blood stream to many organs in the body, including brain, heart, placenta and fetus. This protocol describes how to prepare purified cell wall from Streptococcus pneumoniae, detect its distribution in animal tissues, and study the tissue response using the placenta and fetal brain as examples. [摘要]  细胞壁是所有革兰氏阳性菌表面上的复杂生物聚合物。在感染期间,细胞壁被先天免疫受体Toll样受体2识别,引起强烈的炎症和组织损伤。在动物模型中,从血流到体内许多器官(包括脑,心脏,胎盘和胎儿)的细胞壁运输。该协议描述了如何从肺炎链球菌制备纯化的细胞壁,检测其在动物组织中的分布,并且使用胎盘和胎脑作为实例研究组织反应。
关键词: 细胞壁,肽聚糖,细菌炎症,神经增殖,胎儿神经发生,胎盘运输,Toll样受体2配体,肺炎链球菌

/strong>宿主对感染的反应涉及许多细菌组分的识别,包括细胞壁(CW),一种形成所有革兰氏阳性细菌表面的复合大分子。革兰氏阳性细菌的CW由肽聚糖和磷壁酸的共价网络形成。肺炎链球菌是肺炎,败血症和脑膜炎的主要原因,已经成为研究对包括CW在内的革兰氏阳性细菌感染的先天免疫反应的重要模式生物体。  当肺炎链球菌(肺炎球菌)感染时,CW成分在生长期或抗生素诱导的死亡期间从细菌释放,它在血流中循环并穿过细胞屏障,包括胎盘和血脑屏障。 CW组分具有等于或大于完整细菌的炎性活性(Tuomanen等人,1985a和1985b)。 ...

In situ Digestion of Wheat Cell-wall Polysaccharides
Author:
Date:
2014-12-05
[Abstract]  Cell walls of the wheat endosperm are mostly composed of arabinoxylans (AX) and mixed (1→3), (1→4)-β-glucans (BG) (Saulnier et al., 2012). Here, we present an optimized protocol to degrade enzymatically these cell-wall polysaccharides into oligosaccharides, directly from wheat grain cross sections. The main difficulty is to provide a sufficient amount of humidity for the enzyme to be active, while the amount of liquid at the surface of the tissue should stay low to prevent any delocalization of the released products. With this protocol, enzymatic degradation was shown to be efficient and delocalization of released oligosaccharides was estimated below 50 µm (Veličković et al., 2014).

Although it can be employed for other purposes, this in situ ...
[摘要]  小麦胚乳的细胞壁主要由阿拉伯木聚糖(AX)和混合的(1→3),(1→4)-β-葡聚糖(BG)组成(Saulnier等人,2012)。在这里,我们提出一个优化的协议,以酶法将这些细胞壁多糖降解为低聚糖,直接从小麦籽粒横截面。主要的困难是提供足够量的湿度以使酶活性,而组织表面处的液体量应保持低以防止释放的产物的任何离域。使用该方案,酶降解显示是有效的,并且释放的寡糖的离域化估计低于50μm(Veličkovic等人,2014)。虽然它可以用于其他目的,但是这种原位酶消化主要用于通过基质辅助激光解吸/电离(MALDI)获得小麦胚乳的横截面的分子图像)质谱(Veličkovic等人,2014)。细胞壁多糖在结构上是异质的,表现出高质量并且缠结到复杂网络中。因此,它们不适合通过质谱法直接分析,并且它们需要作为第一步骤降解为较小的化合物。在该方案中,还描述了对应于MALDI基质的沉积的另外的步骤。

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