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Pasteur pipettes, Borosilicate glass, 5 ml

Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: 13-678-20A
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A Workflow for High-pressure Freezing and Freeze Substitution of the Caenorhabditis elegans Embryo for Ultrastructural Analysis by Conventional and Volume Electron Microscopy
Author:
Date:
2021-04-05
[Abstract]  

The free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is a popular model system for studying developmental biology. Here we describe a detailed protocol to high-pressure freeze the C. elegans embryo (either ex vivo after dissection, or within the intact worm) followed by quick freeze substitution. Processed samples are suitable for ultrastructural analysis by conventional electron microscopy (EM) or newer volume EM (vEM) approaches such as Focused Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM). The ultrastructure of cellular features such as the nuclear envelope, chromosomes, endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria are well preserved after these experimental procedures and yield accurate 3D models for visualization and analysis (Chang et al., 2020). This protocol was used in the 3D

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[摘要]  [摘要]自由生活的线虫秀丽隐杆线虫是研究发育生物学的流行模型系统。在这里,我们描述了详细的协议,以高压冷冻线虫的胚胎(解剖后离体,或完整的蠕虫内),然后快速冷冻替代。经过处理的样品适合通过常规电子显微镜(EM)或更新的体积EM(vEM)方法(如Focuse d离子束扫描电子显微镜(FIB-SEM))进行超微结构分析。的细胞特征,例如超微结构的NUCL耳信封,染色体,内质网和线粒体保存良好这些实验程序后,并产生精确的三维模型用于可视化和分析(张等人,2020)。在秀丽隐杆线虫合子的前核相遇后,该方案被用于膜和染色体的3D重建(Rahman等,2020)。

[背景技术]线虫是自由生活线虫具有许多特性,使其适合于科学的研究:(1)将蠕虫是〜1毫米长; ...

Optogenetic Tuning of Protein-protein Binding in Bilayers Using LOVTRAP
Author:
Date:
2020-09-05
[Abstract]  Modern microscopy methods are powerful tools for studying live cell signaling and biochemical reactions, enabling us to observe when and where these reactions take place from the level of a cell down to single molecules. With microscopy, each cell or molecule can be observed both before and after a given perturbation, facilitating better inference of cause and effect than is possible with destructive modes of signaling quantitation. As many inputs to cell signaling and biochemical systems originate as protein-protein interactions near the cell membrane, an outstanding challenge lies in controlling the timing, location and the magnitude of protein-protein interactions in these unique environments. Here, we detail our procedure for manipulating such spatial and temporal protein-protein ... [摘要]  [摘要] 现代显微镜方法是研究活细胞信号转导和生化反应的强大工具,使我们能够观察这些反应的时间和位置,从细胞水平到单个分子。利用显微镜,可以在给定的扰动之前和之后观察每个细胞或分子,比起破坏性的信号定量方法,可以更好地推断因果关系。由于细胞信号传导和生化系统的许多输入源于细胞膜附近的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用,因此一个巨大的挑战在于控制时间,位置 以及这些独特环境中蛋白质与蛋白质相互作用的程度。在这里,我们详细介绍了在封闭的显微镜系统中使用这种基于时空的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用系统,在支持的脂质双分子层上使用​​基于LOVTRAP的光反应性蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用系统的程序。系统可以在几秒钟内做出响应,并且可以将细节图案化到1微米级别。我们使用了该技术来解锁T细胞信号传导的基本方面,并且该方法可推广到许多其他细胞信号传导和生化环境。

背景技术细胞信号传导和细胞生物学中的问题通常集中在细胞如何感知和响应其环境上。进行这些细胞决定的信号级联反应包含的蛋白质可以在几秒钟到几分钟的时间内将纳米级移动到微米级。某些常用方法,例如蛋白质印迹,qPCR ...

Quantification of Bacteria Residing in Caenorhabditis elegans Intestine
Author:
Date:
2020-05-05
[Abstract]  Quantification of intestinal colonization by pathogenic or commensal bacteria constitute a critical part of the analysis to understand host-microbe interactions during different time points of their interplay. Here we detail a method to isolate non-pathogenic and pathogenic bacteria from C. elegans intestines, and classify gut phenotypes induced by bacterial pathogens using fluorescently-tagged bacteria. Furthermore, these methods can be used to isolate and identify new culturable bacterial species from natural microbiomes of wild nematodes. [摘要]  [ 摘要] 量化中肠道定植通过致病或者共生细菌构成一个关键部分中的分析要了解主机微生物相互作用在不同的时间点中他们的相互作用。在这里我们详细介绍一个方法要隔离非致病性和致病性细菌从C. 线虫 肠,而且分类肠表型诱导由细菌病原体使用荧光标记的细菌。此外,这些方法可以被用于为了隔离和识别新的可培养的细菌种类从天然微生物组中野生线虫。

[ 背景] 在该野生,线虫是否暴露为一宽品种中细菌和真菌群落(Frezal 而菲利克斯,2015年)。在实验室条件下,该线虫C. 线虫已被历史维护在一个单一食物源(布伦纳,1974年)。^ h H但是,该蠕虫被冲击下随着各种致病菌和一个增加数中的非- 病原细菌中多样化的营养质量(Garsin 的Et 铝,。2003 ; Gracida 而Eckmann,2013 ; 德克森的Et 铝,。2016 ; 麦克尼尔的Et 铝。,2013 ; 谭的Et 铝,1999年)。C. 线虫胚胎能要提取从妊娠雌雄同体通过使用次氯酸钠处理。这个过程省去细菌允许的新世代要被暴露游记要一个微生物吨。他的优势提供了一个独特的框架为了研究宿主与微生物相互作用。遗传易处理中的线虫和细菌允许为了研究真核生物(Garsin 的Et 铝,2003)和原核(加拉格尔和Manoil,2001)基因功能在不同的时间点在这个动态 相互作用。

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