| Lentiviral Knockdown of Transcription Factor STAT1 in Peromyscus leucopus to Assess Its Role in the Restriction of Tick-borne Flaviviruses
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Author:
Date:
2017-12-05
[Abstract] Cellular infection with tick-borne flaviviruses (TBFVs) results in activation of the interferon (IFN) signaling pathway and subsequent upregulation of numerous genes termed IFN stimulated genes (ISGs) (Schoggins et al., 2011). Many ISGs function to prevent virus pathogenesis by acting in a broad or specific manner through protein-protein interactions (Duggal and Emerman, 2012). The potency of the IFN signaling response determines the outcome of TBFV infection (Best, 2017; Carletti et al., 2017). Interestingly, data from our lab show that TBFV replication is significantly restricted in cells of the reservoir species Peromyscus leucopus thereby suggesting a potent antiviral response (Izuogu et al., 2017). We assessed the relative contribution of IFN ...
[摘要] 蜱传黄热病病毒（TBFV）的细胞感染导致干扰素（IFN）信号传导途径的激活和随后称为IFN刺激基因（ISG）（Schoggins等人，2011）的众多基因的上调。许多ISG通过蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用以广泛或特定的方式起作用来防止病毒发病（Duggal和Emerman，2012）。 IFN信号反应的效力决定了TBFV感染的结果（Best，2016; Carletti等人，2017）。有趣的是，我们实验室的数据显示TBFV复制在储库物种Peromyscus leucopus的细胞中显着受到限制，从而表明有效的抗病毒应答（Izuogu等人，2017）。我们评估干扰素信号对抗性的相对贡献。通过敲低IFN反应途径中的主要转录因子来抑制白血病。信号转导和转录激活因子1（STAT1）是专门针对在P。 leucopus细胞通过shRNA技术。我们进一步测试了基因敲低对细胞对IFN反应和限制病毒复制的能力的影响;结果表明当STAT1表达被改变时，leucopus细胞对IFN刺激的反应降低，并且对TBFV复制显着更敏感。
【背景】IFN信号是抵抗侵入宿主细胞的黄病毒的第一道防线（Robertson等人，2009; Lazear和Diamond，2015）。通过模式识别受体（PRR）检测与病毒颗粒相关的分子标记，然后通过转录因子引发下游信号从细胞释放1型IFN（Kawai ...
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| Enzymatic Reactions and Detection of C3 Cleavage Fragments
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Author:
Date:
2014-08-20
[Abstract] The complement component C3 is the major effector molecule of the complement system. C3 circulates in the blood and interstitial fluids as pro-enzyme and is activated by enzymatic cleavage into a C3a portion, a classic anaphylatoxin that functions as chemoattractant and immune cell activator, and the C3b portion, the body’s most potent opsonin. C3 cleavage is in most cases mediated by an enzyme complex called the C3 convertase. However, it is now becoming increasingly clear that the cleavage of C3 by a range of ‘single’ proteases into bioactive C3a and C3b fragments is of high physiological significance. Here, we describe a protocol for the enzymatic cleavage of human C3 by the serine protease cathepsin L and the detection of the cleavage products C3a and C3b by western blotting as an ...
[摘要] 补体组分C3是补体系统的主要效应分子。 C3作为前酶在血液和间质液中循环，并通过酶裂解活化为C3a部分，用作化学引诱物和免疫细胞活化剂的经典过敏毒素和作为机体最有效调理素的C3b部分。 C3切割在大多数情况下由称为C3转化酶的酶复合物介导。 然而，现在越来越清楚的是，通过一系列"单一"蛋白酶将C3切割成生物活性C3a和C3b片段具有高生理学意义。 在这里，我们描述了通过丝氨酸蛋白酶组织蛋白酶L酶切割人C3的方案和通过蛋白质印迹检测裂解产物C3a和C3b作为这种酶反应的实例。
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