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climate controlled cell culture incubator

Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: 3596
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Extraction and Quantification of Polyphosphate (polyP) from Gram-negative Bacteria
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Date:
2018-09-20
[Abstract]  Polyphosphate (polyP), a universally conserved biomolecule, is composed of up to 1,000 phosphate monomers linked via phosphoanhydride bonds. Reaching levels in bacteria that are in the high nmoles per mg protein range, polyP plays important roles in biofilm formation and colonization, general stress protection and virulence. Various protocols for the detection of polyP in bacteria have been reported. These methods primarily differ in the ways that polyP is extracted and/or detected. Here, we report an improved method, in which we combine polyP extraction via binding to glassmilk with a very sensitive PolyP kinase/luciferase-based detection system. By using this procedure, we significantly enhanced the sensitivity of polyP detection, making it potentially applicable for mammalian tissues. [摘要]  多磷酸盐(polyP)是一种普遍保守的生物分子,由多达1,000个通过磷酸酐键连接的磷酸盐单体组成。 达到每毫克蛋白质高纳摩尔细菌的水平,polyP在生物膜形成和定植,一般应力保护和毒力中起重要作用。 已经报道了用于检测细菌中polyP的各种方案。 这些方法主要在于提取和/或检测polyP的方式不同。 在这里,我们报告了一种改进的方法,其中我们结合polyP提取通过结合到玻璃奶与非常敏感的PolyP激酶/荧光素酶检测系统。 通过使用该程序,我们显着增强了polyP检测的灵敏度,使其可能适用于哺乳动物组织。

【背景】聚磷酸盐(polyP)是一种由多达1,000种无机磷酸盐单体的直链组成的生物聚合物,存在于生命的所有三个领域的细胞中。然而,细菌是唯一已经充分研究了polyP代谢酶的生物。将ATP转化为polyP的细菌polyP激酶(PPK)催化正向和反向反应。虽然polyP的合成显然是细胞中有利的反应,但通过在体外提供足够量的ADP ,该酶可用于从polyP产生ATP,使得基于荧光素酶的ATP检测成为可能(Ault -Riché et al。,1998)。缺乏PPK的细菌在生物膜形成,运动性,持久性和各种应激反应方面存在缺陷,并显示出对次卤酸(即,漂白)应激或磷酸盐饥饿的显着增加的敏感性(图1)(Rao et al。,2009; Gray et ...

Isolation and Maintenance of Murine Embryonic Striatal Neurons
Author:
Date:
2018-04-20
[Abstract]  Primary cultures of murine striatal neurons are widely used to explore cellular mechanisms in neurobiology, including brain diseases. Here we describe a detailed and standardized protocol to dissect and culture embryonic murine striatal neurons GABA-positive/DARPP-32-positive for 12 days in vitro, when they show good neuronal cell connectivity and the presence of dendritic spines, which reflects the maturation of the network. [摘要]  小鼠纹状体神经元的原代培养物被广泛用于探索神经生物学中的细胞机制,包括脑部疾病。 在这里,我们描述了一个详细和标准化的协议解剖和文化胚胎小鼠纹状体神经元GABA阳性/ DARPP-32阳性12天体外,当他们显示良好的神经元细胞连接性和存在的树突 刺,反映了网络的成熟。

【背景】纹状体是运动和奖励系统的重要组成部分,纹状体神经元的功能障碍可导致各种神经元疾病,从强迫性行为(Welch et al。,2007)到神经退行性疾病,如在亨廷顿病中观察到的(Reiner等,1988)。因此,一个良好建立的纹状体文化可能是一个很有价值的研究这些和其他条件的模型。成年纹状体中的主要神经元亚型是中型多刺投射神经元(MSNs),其占所有纹状体神经元的约95%并使用抑制性递质γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)。它们具有中等大小的细胞体,复杂的树突状乔木和高密度的树突棘,可同时接受谷氨酸能和多巴胺输入。其余5%的神经元由GABA能神经间神经元组成(Graveland和DiFiglia,1985; ...

High Throughput NPY-Venus and Serotonin Secretion Assays for Regulated Exocytosis in Neuroendocrine Cells
Author:
Date:
2018-01-05
[Abstract]  Here we describe two assays to measure dense core vesicle (DCV) exocytosis-mediated cargo secretion in neuroendocrine cells. To conduct siRNA screens for novel genes in regulated DCV exocytosis, we developed a plate reader-based secretion assay using DCV cargo, NPY-Venus, and an orthogonal 3H-serotonin secretion assay. The NPY-Venus secretion assay was successfully used for a high throughput siRNA screen, and the serotonin secretion assay was used to validate hits identified from the screen (Sorensen, 2017; Zhang et al., 2017). [摘要]  在这里我们描述了两种测定方法来测量神经内分泌细胞中的致密核心囊泡(DCV)胞吐作用介导的货物分泌。 为了在受调控的DCV胞吐作用中对新基因进行siRNA筛选,我们开发了使用DCV货物,NPY-金星以及正交3H-血清素分泌测定的基于读板器的分泌测定法。 NPY-金星分泌测定成功地用于高通量siRNA筛选,并且使用血清素分泌测定来验证从筛选中鉴定的命中(Sorensen,2017; Zhang等人,2017)。


【背景】致密核心囊泡(DCV)胞吐作用介导内分泌和神经内分泌细胞分泌蛋白质,肽和小分子。当蛋白质和肽激素被内质网上的核糖体合成时,蛋白质和肽激素进入分泌途径,并在跨高尔基网络(TGN)(Borgonovo等人,2006; Bowman等, >等人,2009)。小分子物质,如5-羟色胺,直接被胞质单胺转运蛋白(VMATs)从细胞质直接吸收到DCV的内腔(Sudhof,2004)。在非刺激条件下,货物分子被储存在靠近质膜的DCV内。当细胞接受增加细胞质Ca ...

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