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Hyclone Pen strep

Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: SV30010
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Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts to Conventional Type 1 Dendritic Cells by Enforced Expression of Transcription Factors
Author:
Date:
2020-05-20
[Abstract]  Ectopic expression of transcription factor combinations has been recently demonstrated to reprogram differentiated somatic cells towards the dendritic cell (DC) lineage without reversion to a multipotent state. DCs have the ability to induce potent and long-lasting adaptive immune responses. In particular, conventional type 1 DCs (cDC1s) excel on antigen cross-presentation, a critical step for inducing CD8+ T cell cytotoxic responses. The rarity of naturally occurring cDC1s and lack of in vitro methodologies for the generation of pure cDC1 populations strongly hinders the study of cDC1 lineage specification and function. Here, we describe a protocol for the generation of induced DCs (iDCs) by lentiviral-mediated expression of the transcription factors PU.1, IRF8 and ... [摘要]  [摘要] 转录因子组合的异位表达最近被证明可以将分化的体细胞重编程为树突状细胞(DC)谱系,而不会回复到多能状态。DC具有诱导有效和持久的适应性免疫应答的能力。在特定的常规类型1的DC(cDC1s)练成抗原交叉呈递,用于诱导CD8的关键步骤+ T细胞的细胞毒性应答。天然存在的cDC1的稀有性和缺乏用于生成纯cDC1群体的体外方法论,严重阻碍了对cDC1谱系规格和功能的研究。在这里,我们描述了用于生成感应DC(iDC)的协议 慢病毒介导的转录因子PU.1,IRF8和BATF3在小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞中的表达。iDC 在9天内获得DC形态,cDC1表型和转录特征。使用此协议生成的iDC 具有对炎症刺激,吞噬死细胞,将抗原加工并交叉呈递给CD8 + T细胞的功能。DC重新编程提供了一个简单易处理的系统,可以生成大量的cDC1类细胞用于高内涵筛选,从而开辟了新途径,可以更好地了解cDC1的规格和功能。将来,在成纤维细胞中忠实诱导cDC1命运可能会导致产生患者特定的疫苗接种DC。

[背景技术树突状细胞(DC)是专业的抗原呈递细胞,专门用于识别,加工和呈递T细胞抗原,在诱导适应性免疫应答和免疫记忆中起关键作用(Me rad 等,2013)。DC可以分为4个主要子集:浆细胞样DC(pDC ),大量1型干扰素的产生者,循环单核细胞衍生的单核细胞衍生DC 和常规DC(cDC ...

Retroviral Capsid Core Stability Assay
Author:
Date:
2018-09-20
[Abstract]  Structural stability of the capsid core is a critical parameter for the productive infection of a cell by a retrovirus. Compromised stability can lead to premature core disassembly, exposure of replication intermediates to cytosolic nucleic acid sensors that can trigger innate antiviral responses, and failure to integrate the proviral genome into the host DNA. Thus, core stability is a critical feature of viral replicative fitness. While there are several well-described techniques to assess viral capsid core stability, most are generally time and labor intensive. Recently, our group compared the relative stability of murine leukemia virus capsid cores using an in vitro detergent-based approach combined with ultracentrifugation against the popular fate of capsid assay. We found ... [摘要]  衣壳核心的结构稳定性是逆转录病毒对细胞的生产性感染的关键参数。受损的稳定性可导致核心过早解体,将复制中间体暴露于细胞溶质核酸传感器,其可触发先天的抗病毒反应,并且不能将原病毒基因组整合到宿主DNA中。因此,核心稳定性是病毒复制适应性的关键特征。虽然有几种充分描述的技术来评估病毒衣壳核心稳定性,但大多数通常是时间和劳动密集型的。最近,我们小组使用基于体外洗涤剂的方法结合超速离心法对衣壳测定的流行命运比较了鼠白血病病毒衣壳核心的相对稳定性。我们发现两种方法都得出了类似的结论,尽管第一种方法是比较显示核心稳定性差异的病毒突变体时评估相对衣壳核心稳定性的一种非常简单和快速的方法。

【背景】逆转录病毒已经进化出复制周期,在规避宿主抗病毒反应方面表现优异。逆转录病毒开发的一种策略是将其复制中间体与胞质核酸传感器如cGAS,TREX1,IFI203和DDX41屏蔽起来(Yan et al。,2010; Gao et al。,2013; Lahaye et al。,2013; Stavrou et al。,2015)。在复制过程中,逆转录病毒在细胞质中产生RNA-DNA杂合体和未甲基化的双链前病毒DNA,这是先天免疫传感器的常见靶标(Yan et al。,2010; Gao et al。,2013; Lahaye et ...

Phagocytosis Assay for α-Synuclein Fibril Uptake by Mouse Primary Microglia
Author:
Date:
2018-09-05
[Abstract]  Microglia are professional phagocytes in the brain and deficiency in their phagocytic activity plays an important role in Parkinson’s disease. This protocol mainly describes the phagocytosis assay for uptake of α-synuclein preformed fibrils, a pathologic form of α-synuclein, by primary microglia. [摘要]  小胶质细胞是大脑中的专业吞噬细胞,其吞噬活性的缺乏在帕金森病中起重要作用。 该方案主要描述了通过原代小胶质细胞摄取α-突触核蛋白预先形成的原纤维(α-突触核蛋白的病理形式)的吞噬作用测定。

【背景】作为大脑的免疫细胞,小胶质细胞在中枢神经系统中起着关键作用。在生理状态下,小胶质细胞不断探索周围环境并参与突触修剪。小胶质细胞可被任何类型的病理事件或脑内稳态的变化激活(Wolf et al。,2017)。激活后,小胶质细胞经历形态学变化,增殖,分泌炎性细胞因子,迁移至病变部位,吞噬病原体,病细胞,碎片,甚至细胞外蛋白质聚集体(Kettenmann et al。,2011; Fu et al。,2014)。 α-突触核蛋白是神经元中的丰富蛋白质,并且是帕金森病中称为路易体和路易神经突的神经元内包涵体的主要成分(Luk 等人,,2012)。最近的研究表明α-突触核蛋白经历细胞间扩散,小胶质细胞是α-突触核蛋白的主要清除剂,它可能承担来自神经元的α-突触核蛋白的负担(Wolf et al。,2017 )。在这里,我们描述了使用人α-突触核蛋白单体产生预先形成的原纤维并通过小胶质细胞吞噬作用测量α-突触核蛋白预先形成的原纤维的摄取的方案(Du et al。,2017)。

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