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pGEM®-T Vector System I

pGEM ® -T Vector System I

Company: Promega
Catalog#: A3600
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In vitro Homeostatic Proliferation of Human CD8 T Cells
Author:
Date:
2017-11-20
[Abstract]  Long-lived T-cell–mediated immunity requires persistence of memory T cells in an antigen-free environment while also maintaining a heightened capacity to recall effector functions. Such antigen-independent homeostatic proliferation is mediated in part by the common gamma-chain cytokines IL-7 and IL-15. To further explore the mechanisms governing maintenance of effector functions in long-lived memory T cells during antigen-independent proliferation, human naïve and memory CD8 T cells can be sorted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), labeled with the proliferation-tracking dye carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE), and then purified based on their levels of cell division. This allows investigators to assess differences in the desired molecular target in cells that have ... [摘要]  长寿T细胞介导的免疫需要在无抗原环境中持续存在记忆T细胞,同时还保持提高的回忆效应器功能的能力。这种不依赖于抗原的体内平衡增殖部分由常见的γ链细胞因子IL-7和IL-15介导。为了进一步探索在抗原非依赖性增殖过程中维持长效记忆T细胞中效应子功能的机制,可以从外周血单核细胞(PBMCs)中分选人幼稚和记忆CD8T细胞,用增殖跟踪染料羧基荧光素琥珀酰亚胺酯(CFSE),然后根据它们的细胞分裂水平进行纯化。这使得研究人员能够评估经历细胞因子驱动的增殖的细胞中期望的分子靶点的差异。我们在这里提供了一个协议,用于评估在分裂和未分裂的人类幼稚和记忆CD8 T细胞中的表观遗传程序,在用IL-7和IL-15培养7天之后,以说明这种方法如何阐明控制在长寿记忆CD8T细胞的稳态期间保持效应子功能。
【背景】获得性免疫的一个主要特征是对先前遇到的病原体的免疫记忆的发展(Plotkin等人,2013)。记忆CD8 T细胞在为宿主以前遇到的病原体提供终生保护方面发挥重要作用,但为了提供长寿命的保护,T细胞必须已经获得了在无抗原中持续并保持效应功能的能力环境。在此期间,记忆T细胞响应于IL-7/15细胞因子进行抗原非依赖性增殖,尽管程度不同。

记忆CD8 T细胞的总池是几种不同的细胞亚群的异质组合,其对稳态细胞因子的反应不同。例如,CD8 ...

Multiplexed GuideRNA-expression to Efficiently Mutagenize Multiple Loci in Arabidopsis by CRISPR-Cas9
Author:
Date:
2017-03-05
[Abstract]  Since the discovery of the CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats)-associated protein (Cas) as an efficient tool for genome editing in plants (Li et al., 2013; Shan et al., 2013; Nekrasov et al., 2013), a large variety of applications, such as gene knock-out, knock-in or transcriptional regulation, has been published. So far, the generation of multiple mutants in plants involved tedious crossing or mutagenesis followed by time-consuming screening of huge populations and the use of the Cas9-system appeared a promising method to overcome these issues. We designed a binary vector that combines both the coding sequence of the codon optimized Streptococcus pyogenes Cas9 nuclease under the control of the Arabidopsis thaliana ... [摘要]  自从发现CRISPR(聚集的定期交织的短回文重复) - 相关蛋白(Cas)作为植物基因组编辑的有效工具(Li等人,2013; Shan等人已经出版了诸如基因敲除,敲入或转录调控等各种各样的应用,例如,2013; Nekrasov等人,2013)。到目前为止,植物中多种突变体的产生涉及繁琐的杂交或诱变,随后大量人群的耗时筛选,Cas9系统的使用似乎是有希望的方法来克服这些问题。我们设计了一种二元载体,其结合了在拟南芥UBIQUITIN10(UBQ10)启动子和引导RNA(gRNA)控制下的优化的化脓性链球菌(Caspase)密码子的编码序列)由 A驱动的表现盒。拟南芥U6 - 启动子,用于在拟南芥中进行有效的多重编辑(阎等人,2016年)。在这里,我们描述了一个逐步的方案,以经济有效的方式生成含有多个gRNA的二元载体和基于经典克隆方法的Cas9核酸酶。背景 RNA引导的Cas9系统源于针对外源DNA的细菌防御系统(Sorek等人,2013)。由于其高效率,易于处理和多重编辑的可能性,已经被认为是基因组编辑的选择方法。通常,Cas9基因编辑系统涉及单个合成RNA分子,其指导Cas9蛋白质靶向所需DNA位点以进行基因组修饰或转录控制的gRNA。 gRNA-Cas9复合物通过gRNA-DNA配对识别靶向的DNA,并需要存在原始相邻基序(PAM)。 ...

Characterization of HBV Isolates from Patient Serum Samples and Cloning
Author:
Date:
2015-12-20
[Abstract]  Hepatitis B virus (HBV) mutants can lead to vaccine failure, diagnostic failure of HBV detection, increase viral replication and resistance to antiviral agents. To study the biological characteristics of these mutations may contribute to our knowledge on viral pathogenesis. Therefore, it is essential to isolate and characterize HBV strains from patients. Here we describe the experimental methods to isolate and clone HBV DNA from patient serum. The method will facilitate isolation and functional analysis of new HBV variants. [摘要]  乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)突变体可导致疫苗失败,HBV检测的诊断失败,增加病毒复制和对抗病毒剂的抗性。 研究这些突变的生物学特性可能有助于我们对病毒发病机制的了解。 因此,必须从患者中分离和表征HBV病毒株。 在这里我们描述从患者血清中分离和克隆HBV DNA的实验方法。 该方法将促进新的HBV变体的分离和功能分析。

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