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Author:
Date:
2015-06-20
[Abstract] Grape composition depends on the metabolites accumulated and synthesized during grape development. It is of paramount importance for grape growers because of its major role in shaping wine quality. Therefore, understanding the regulation mechanisms that control the accumulation of quality-related metabolites in grape is of both scientific and agronomical interests. The composition of grape berry at harvest is under complex regulation and can be affected by many factors (Conde et al., 2007). The study of the effects of these factors on berries still attached to intact plants can be highly challenging because of the large size of the plants, interplant, intercluster and interberry variability; and because it is complicated to precisely control the nutrients and hormones imported by ...
[摘要] 葡萄组成取决于葡萄发育过程中积累和合成的代谢物。这对于葡萄种植者是至关重要的，因为它在塑造葡萄酒品质方面起着重要作用。因此，理解控制质量相关代谢物在葡萄中的积累的调节机制具有科学和农业利益。收获时葡萄浆的组成受到复杂调节，并且可能受到许多因素的影响（Conde等人，2007）。这些因素对仍然附着于完整植物的浆果的影响的研究可能是高度挑战性的，因为植物的大尺寸，植物间，群集间和互花间变异性;并且因为精确地控制由浆果和环境进入的营养物和激素是复杂的。因此，体外培养的葡萄浆果是一种良好的模型系统，其比葡萄细胞悬浮液更好地代表浆果解剖结构（皮肤和肉），并且与整株植物相比大大降低了系统复杂性（Bravdo et al。，1990;Pérezet al。，2000; Gambetta et al。，2010）。为此，通过将温室果枝切割生产和体外器官培养技术相结合，开发了完整脱离的葡萄浆果的体外培养系统（Dai等人al。，2014）。培养的浆果能够积极地吸收和利用来自培养基的碳和氮，并且表现出果实成熟特征，例如变色和软化。这种体外系统可用于研究浆果组合物对环境和营养因素的响应。
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