| Detection of Cell Death in Planarians
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Author:
Date:
2018-10-05
[Abstract] Planarians are freshwater flatworms, well known for their ability to regenerate a complete organism from any piece of their body. Furthermore, planarians are constantly growing and degrowing throughout their lives, maintaining a functional and proportioned body. These properties rely on the presence of a population of adult stem cells and on the tight control of their cell renewal, which is based on the balance between the proliferation of new cells and their differentiation, and the death of unnecessary cells. Due to the importance of these two processes in planarian biology, over the years, researchers have optimized molecular techniques to detect both cell proliferation and cell death in planarians. Here, we present the two main protocols currently used for cell death detection and ...
[摘要] 涡虫是淡水扁虫，因其能够从身体的任何部分再生完整的有机体而闻名。 此外，涡虫在其一生中不断生长和去除，保持功能和比例的身体。 这些特性依赖于成体干细胞群的存在以及对细胞更新的严格控制，其基于新细胞增殖与其分化之间的平衡以及不必要细胞的死亡。 由于这两个过程在涡虫生物学中的重要性，多年来，研究人员已经优化了分子技术，以检测涡虫中的细胞增殖和细胞死亡。 在这里，我们提出了目前用于细胞死亡检测和量化的两种主要方案：Caspase-3活性定量和TUNEL分析。
【背景】成体生物体中的细胞更新是基于三个过程的复杂机制：（a）通过细胞死亡消除选定的细胞; （b）通过细胞分裂取代已消除的细胞，通常涉及成体干细胞及其后代; （c）新生细胞的分化及其与先前存在的组织的整合（Pellettieri和Sanchez ...
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| An Assay to Study Botrytis cinerea-infected Grapevine Leaves Primed with Pseudomonas fluorescens
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Author:
Date:
2016-10-05
[Abstract] Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is susceptible to an array of diseases among them the grey mold caused by the necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea that decreases grape productivity and quality. To ensure a satisfactory yield and harvest quality numerous chemical fungicides are required, but they have serious drawbacks. One alternative is the use of beneficial bacteria to improve plant health. Pseudomonas fluorescens has been shown to trigger a plant-mediated resistance response in aboveground plant tissues against fungal, oomycete, bacterial, and viral pathogens. Triggered plant resistance exploits mechanisms of the plant immune system through a priming state that provides plants with enhanced capacity for rapid and strong activation of defense responses after ...
[摘要] 葡萄（葡萄（Vitis vinifera）L.）易受一系列疾病的影响，其中包括由坏死性真菌葡萄孢菌引起的灰霉病，其降低葡萄生产力和质量。为了确保令人满意的产量和收获质量，需要许多化学杀真菌剂，但它们具有严重的缺点。一个替代方案是使用有益细菌来改善植物健康。已经显示荧光假单胞菌在地上植物组织中触发植物介导的对真菌，卵菌，细菌和病毒病原体的抗性反应。触发的植物抗性通过启动状态利用植物免疫系统的机制，其提供植物在病原体感染后快速和强烈地激活防御反应的增强能力，导致较低的适合度成本。有益细菌的引发应答包括防御相关基因的诱导表达，细胞壁增强和病原体感染后次生代谢产物的产生。在该方案中，我们描述了根据Verhagen评价有益细菌荧光假单胞菌PTA-CT2对葡萄植物的引发状态及其对灰葡萄孢的抗性水平的实验设计等。 （2011）和Gruau等人。 （2015）。
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