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Author:
Date:
2017-06-05
[Abstract] The DNA combing method allows the analysis of DNA replication at the level of individual DNA molecules stretched along silane-coated glass coverslips. Before DNA extraction, ongoing DNA synthesis is labeled with halogenated analogues of thymidine. Replication tracks are visualized by immunofluorescence using specific antibodies. Unlike biochemical and NGS-based methods, DNA combing provides unique information on cell-to-cell variations in DNA replication profiles, including initiation and elongation. Finally, this assay can be used to monitor the effect of DNA lesions on fork progression, arrest and restart.
[摘要] DNA梳理方法允许在沿着硅烷涂覆的玻璃盖玻片拉伸的单个DNA分子的水平上分析DNA复制。在DNA提取前，进行的DNA合成用胸苷的卤化类似物标记。使用特异性抗体通过免疫荧光可视化复制轨迹。与生物化学和基于NGS的方法不同，DNA梳理提供了DNA复制谱中细胞间细胞变化的独特信息，包括引发和延长。最后，该测定可用于监测DNA损伤对叉进展，停止和重新启动的影响。
背景 在称为复制起点的真核染色体上的数千个位点处启动DNA合成。原始激活遵循由检查点激酶和染色质的表观遗传修饰（Prioleau和MacAlpine，2016）控制的定义良好的复制计时程序。复制叉在正常S阶段经常停顿。叉停止是由多个事件引起的，例如DNA损伤，紧密结合的蛋白质复合物和高表达基因的转录（Tourriere和Pasero 2007; Zeman and Cimprich，2013）。真核生物已经制定了不同的策略来应对这种复制压力，包括修复机制来重新启动捕获的叉子和激活休眠复制起源以抢救终末抓捕的叉。
＆NBSP; ...
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Author:
Date:
2016-10-05
[Abstract] The production of free radicals is the result of normal cellular metabolism. Free radicals are involved in innumerable different cellular and biological functions such as signaling, proliferation, cell death, aging, inflammation, etc. Under physiological conditions, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are strictly regulated by the cells. However, during stressful conditions such as oxidative stress, ROS levels increase causing damages to different molecules like DNA, lipids and proteins. Increased levels of ROS have been associated with a growing list of different diseases. In this protocol, we used MitoSOX and CellROX Green oxidative stress probes to label the intracellular ROS and detect the fluorescence using cell sorting and confocal analyses.
[摘要] 自由基的产生是正常细胞代谢的结果。 自由基涉及无数不同的细胞和生物学功能，例如信号传导，增殖，细胞死亡，衰老，炎症等。 在生理条件下，活性氧（ROS）的水平被细胞严格调节。 然而，在应激条件例如氧化应激期间，ROS水平增加导致对不同分子如DNA，脂质和蛋白质的损伤。 增加的ROS水平与不断增加的不同疾病列表相关联。 在这个协议中，我们使用MitoSOX和CellROX绿色氧化应激探针标记细胞内ROS和使用细胞分选和共聚焦分析检测荧光。
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