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AE50 analytical balance

分析天平

Company: Mettler-Toledo International
Catalog#: AE50
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Preserve Cultured Cell Cytonemes through a Modified Electron Microscopy Fixation
Author:
Date:
2018-07-05
[Abstract]  Immunocytochemistry of cultured cells is a common and effective technique for determining compositions and localizations of proteins within cellular structures. However, traditional cultured cell fixation and staining protocols are not effective in preserving cultured cell cytonemes, long specialized filopodia that are dedicated to morphogen transport. As a result, limited mechanistic interrogation has been performed to assess their regulation. We developed a fixation protocol for cultured cells that preserves cytonemes, which allows for immunofluorescent analysis of endogenous and over-expressed proteins localizing to the delicate cellular structures. [摘要]  培养细胞的免疫细胞化学是用于确定细胞结构内蛋白质的组成和定位的常用且有效的技术。 然而,传统的培养细胞固定和染色方案不能有效地保存培养的细胞色素,长期专门用于形态发生转运的丝状伪足。 结果,进行了有限的机械审讯以评估其监管。 我们开发了一种用于培养细胞的固定方案,该方案保留了细胞质,允许对内源性和过表达的蛋白质进行免疫荧光分析,这些蛋白质定位于脆弱的细胞结构。

【背景】Cytonemes被分类为薄的(~200nm直径)基于肌动蛋白的丝状伪足,长度超过2μm,可以转运形态发生素(Ramírez-Weber和Kornberg,1999)。这些信号结构首先在发育中的 Drosophila 翼成像盘中进行了详细分类和描述,随后在小鼠,小鸡和斑马鱼模型生物中进行了观察(Ramírez-Weber和Kornberg,1999; Sanders et al。,2013; Stanganello et al。,2015)。在大多数情况下,只有对过表达的荧光标记蛋白进行实时成像才能进行细胞色素检测。由于传统的固定方案未能保存这些脆弱的细丝,因此对培养细胞的细胞色素的检查受到限制。这些并发症一直是决定在发育和组织稳态期间驱动细胞色素形成和功能的细胞机制以及确定这些过程是否在疾病中被破坏的限制因素。

为了克服这些限制,我们开发了一种基于修饰电子显微镜固定剂(MEM-fix)的方案,该方案可以保留培养细胞的细胞质。 ...

Preparation of Protein-containing Extracts from Microbiota-rich Intestinal Contents
Author:
Date:
2016-09-20
[Abstract]  The contribution of microbiota in regulating multiple physiological and pathological host responses has been studied intensively in recent years. Evidence suggests that commensal microbiota can directly modulate different populations of cells of the immune system (e.g., Ivanov et al., 2008; Atarashi et al., 2011). Recently, we showed that protein extracts from gut commensal microbiota can activate retina-specific T cells, allowing these autoreactive T cells to then break through the blood-retinal barrier and trigger autoimmune uveitis in the recipient (Horai et al., 2015). The protocol below describes the method to prepare intestinal protein-rich extracts that can be used in various in vitro and in vivo immunological studies. [摘要]  近年来,微生物群在调节多种生理和病理宿主反应中的贡献已被深入研究。证据表明共生微生物群可以直接调节免疫系统的不同细胞群(例如,Ivanov等人,2008; Atarashi等人 >。,2011)。最近,我们显示来自消化道共生菌群的蛋白质提取物可以激活视网膜特异性T细胞,允许这些自身反应性T细胞突破血液 - 视网膜屏障并触发受体中的自身免疫性葡萄膜炎(Horai等人。,2015)。以下方案描述了可用于各种体外和体内免疫学研究的富含肠内蛋白质的提取物的制备方法。

< strong=""> [背景] 肠道菌群代表一个复杂的微生物群落,提供各种各样的先天和适应性刺激物。它们从粪便样品中分离和纯化已经进行并且已经公开了方案(Mueller和Pan,2013; Verberkmoes等人,2009; Tanca等人,2014; Xiong等人,2015a; Xiong等人,2015b)。大多数这些协议已经开发的目的是进行蛋白质组学研究以表征微生物群。因此,尽管它们强调蛋白质产量和纯度,但是它们是耗时的并且可以包括影响蛋白质结构的蛋白质变性步骤(Verberkmoes等人,2009)或使用试剂(例如,叠氮化钠,SDS,苯酚),其与随后的基于细胞培养的测定不相容(Tanca等人,2014; Xiong等人,2015a; Xiong ...

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