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Sucrose

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: S5016
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Chromatographic Analysis for Targeted Metabolomics of Antioxidant and Flavor-Related Metabolites in Tomato
Author:
Date:
2021-03-05
[Abstract]  

Targeted metabolomics is a useful approach to evaluate crop breeding studies. Antioxidant and flavor-related traits are of increasing interest and are considered quality traits in tomato breeding. The present study presents chromatographic methods to study antioxidants (carotenoids, vitamin C, vitamin E, phenolic compounds, and glutathione) and flavor-related characters (sugars and organic acids) in tomato. Two different extraction methods (for polar and apolar entities) were applied to isolate the targeted compounds. The extraction methods developed in this work were time and cost-effective since no further purification was needed. Carotenoids, vitamin C, glutathione, and phenolic acids were analyzed by HPLC-PDA using a RP C18 column at an appropriate wavelength for each compound.

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[摘要]  [摘要]靶向代谢麦克风是评估作物育种研究的有用方法。抗氧化剂和与风味有关的性状受到越来越多的关注,被认为是番茄育种中的品质性状。本研究提供了色谱方法来研究番茄中的抗氧化剂(类胡萝卜素,维生素C,维生素E,酚类化合物和谷胱甘肽)和与风味相关的特征(糖和有机酸)。应用了两种不同的提取方法(针对极性和非极性实体)来分离目标化合物。由于不需要进一步纯化,因此这项工作中开发的提取方法既省时又经济。使用RP C18色谱柱,通过RP-C18色谱柱在适当波长下对每种化合物进行类胡萝卜素,维生素C,谷胱甘肽和酚酸的分析。用RP C18和NH2色谱柱通过HPLC分析维生素E和糖,并分别通过FLD和RI检测器进行检测。此外,MSTFA衍生化后,使用Rtx 5DA色谱柱使用GC-FID分析有机酸。结果,开发了定量重要植物代谢物的灵敏分析方法,并在本文中进行了描述。这些方法不仅适用于番茄,但都还表征其他物种的香味相关的和抗氧化的化合物。因此,这些协议可用于指导作物育种的选择。

[背景]代谢组学是其受到关注的其潜在的援助作物育种研究施加生化途径。在番茄育种中,由于消费者对提高作物品质的偏好,抗氧化剂和与风味有关的代谢产物都受到了越来越多的关注。人类无法自己合成抗氧化剂分子; ...

A High-throughput Interbacterial Competition Platform
Author:
Date:
2020-09-05
[Abstract]  Contact-dependent interbacterial competition is a common strategy used by bacteria to fight for their ecological niches. Interbacterial competition is monitored by a competition assay involving co-culturing the attacker and the recipient bacterial cells on agar, followed by recovery of the surviving recipient cells. Conventional interbacterial competition assays rely on serial dilution, plate spreading, and colony counting experiments for the readout. The high demand for time and labor in a competition assay limits its use for large-scale screening. However, a high-throughput interbacterial competition screening method is required to screen genetic factors involved in an interbacterial competition. Here, using Agrobacterium tumefaciens as an attacker and Escherichia coli ... [摘要]  [摘要 ] 接触依赖性细菌间竞争是细菌争夺生态位的一种常用策略。通过竞争测定法监测细菌间竞争,该竞争测定法包括在琼脂上共同培养攻击者和受体细菌细胞,然后回收存活的受体细胞。常规的细菌竞争分析需要依靠连续稀释,平板铺展和菌落计数实验来进行读数。竞争测定中对时间和劳力的高需求限制了其在大规模筛选中的用途。然而,需要高通量的细菌间竞争筛选方法来筛选参与细菌间竞争的遗传因素。在这里,使用根癌土壤杆菌作为攻击者, 作为大肠埃希菌,我们开发了一种功能强大,快速,高效和高通量的VI型分泌系统依赖性细菌竞争筛选平台。该系统无需进行连续稀释和铺板即可进行96种同时竞争分析。该系统的数据分析仅依赖于直接和直接的菌落计数。该平台可以很容易地用于识别参与任何依赖接触的细菌竞争系统的新因素。

[背景 ] 细菌已经进化出多种策略来对抗其他细菌以获取生态位适应性,而接触依赖性细菌间竞争是广泛使用的策略之一(Granato 等人,2019)。细菌可以使用其I型(T1SS),IV型(T4SS),V型(T5SS),VI型(T6SS)或VII型(T7SS)分泌系统将蛋白毒素输送到其竞争细胞,受体细胞,并以接触依赖的方式杀死它(Aoki 等人,2005; Hood 等人,2010; Souza 等人,2015; Cao 等人,2016;García-Bayona ...

Multiple Stepwise Gene Knockout Using CRISPR/Cas9 in Escherichia coli
Author:
Date:
2018-01-20
[Abstract]  With the recent implementation of the CRISPR/Cas9 technology as a standard tool for genome editing, laboratories all over the world are undergoing one of the biggest advancements in molecular biology since PCR. The key advantage of this method is its simplicity and universal applicability for species of any phylum. Of particular interest is the extensively studied Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli, as it is considered as the workhorse for both research and industrial purposes. Here, we present a simple, robust and effective protocol using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in combination with the λ Red machinery for gene knockout in E. coli. Crucial in our procedure is the use of a double-stranded donor DNA and a curing strategy for removal of the guide RNA encoding plasmid ... [摘要]  随着CRISPR / Cas9技术作为基因组编辑的标准工具的最近实施,全世界的实验室正在经历PCR以来分子生物学方面最大的进步之一。这种方法的关键优点是其简单和普遍适用于任何物种的门。特别感兴趣的是广泛研究的革兰氏阴性细菌大肠杆菌,因为它被认为是研究和工业用途的主力。在这里,我们提出了一个简单,强大和有效的协议,使用CRISPR / Cas9系统结合λ红色基因敲除机器。大肠杆菌。在我们的程序中最重要的是使用双链供体DNA和固化策略来去除导向RNA编码质粒,其允许在仅仅两个工作日后开始新的突变。我们的方案允许多个具有高诱变效率的基因敲除株,适用于高通量的方法。

【背景】革兰氏阴性细菌大肠杆菌是生物技术工程中最重要的生物之一。已在能源,农业,食品生产,生物技术,医药等不同行业的各种流程中成功实施。由于不断的技术进步,生物技术部门正在迅速发展。特别是,CRISPR / Cas9技术可能是PCR(分子)生物学最大的革命(Ledford,2015)。简而言之,CRISPR / Cas9保护细菌免受诸如质粒和病毒等侵入性遗传因子的影响(Marraffini,2015)。利用这种从原核生物获得的免疫系统,已经开发了基于CRISPR / Cas9系统的基因组编辑的非常有力的工具(Jinek等人,2012)。

CRISPR / ...

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