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Axygen® 0.2 mL Polypropylene PCR Tube Strips, 8 Tubes/Strip, Clear, Nonsterile

Company: Corning
Catalog#: PCR-0208-C
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Real-time PCR Analysis of PAMP-induced Marker Gene Expression in Nicotiana benthamiana
Author:
Date:
2018-10-05
[Abstract]  Perception of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) often triggers various innate immune responses in plants. The transcriptional changes of defense-related genes are often used as a marker to assay PAMP-triggered plant immune response. Here we described a protocol to monitor the relative expression level of marker genes in Nicotiana benthamiana upon treatment with PAMPs. The procedure includes leaf treatment using PAMPs, total RNA isolation, cDNA synthesis, quantitative real-time PCR and data analysis. This protocol is applicable to monitor marker gene expression triggered by different PAMPs in N. benthamiana. [摘要]  对病原体相关分子模式(PAMP)的感知经常引发植物中的各种先天免疫应答。 防御相关基因的转录变化通常用作测定PAMP触发的植物免疫应答的标记。 在这里,我们描述了一种方案,用于监测用PAMP处理的本塞姆氏烟草中的标记基因的相对表达水平。 该方法包括使用PAMP进行叶处理,总RNA分离,cDNA合成,定量实时PCR和数据分析。 该协议适用于监测 N中不同PAMP触发的标记基因表达。本塞姆氏。
【背景】病原体相关的分子模式,即PAMP,是一类源自病原体的分子,在微生物中相对保守。多个PAMP,如flg22和XEG1(Felix et al。,1999; Ma et al。,2015),已被表征,可通过植物细胞表面定位模式检测 - 识别受体(PRR),从而诱导PAMP引发的免疫(Couto和Zipfel,2016)。 PAMP触发的主要反应之一是与防御相关的制造者基因的激活(Navarro et al。,2004; Zipfel et al。,2006)。 Nicotiana benthamiana 已被广泛用作模型植物,并且对多种PAMP敏感。在 N.宾夕法尼亚,先前发现了标记基因,如 NbCYP71D20 , NbACRE31 和 NbWRKY22 ,它们在PAMP处理后迅速活化( Heese et al。,2007; Segonzac et ...

Selection of Genetically Modified Bacteriophages Using the CRISPR-Cas System
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Date:
2017-08-05
[Abstract]  We present a CRISPR-Cas based technique for deleting genes from the T7 bacteriophage genome. A DNA fragment encoding homologous arms to the target gene to be deleted is first cloned into a plasmid. The T7 phage is then propagated in Escherichia coli harboring this plasmid. During this propagation, some phage genomes undergo homologous recombination with the plasmid, thus deleting the targeted gene. To select for these genomes, the CRISPR-Cas system is used to cleave non-edited genomes, enabling isolation of the desired recombinant phages. This protocol allows seamless deletion of desired genes in a T7 phage, and can be expanded to other phages and other types of genetic manipulations as well. [摘要]  我们提出了一种用于从T7噬菌体基因组中删除基因的基于CRISPR-Cas的技术。 首先将编码与待缺失的靶基因的同源臂的DNA片段克隆到质粒中。 然后将T7噬菌体在携带该质粒的大肠杆菌中繁殖。 在这种繁殖期间,一些噬菌体基因组与质粒进行同源重组,从而缺失靶基因。 为了选择这些基因组,CRISPR-Cas系统用于切割未编辑的基因组,从而能够分离所需的重组噬菌体。 该协议允许在T7噬菌体中无缝地删除所需的基因,并且可以扩展到其它噬菌体和其他类型的遗传操作。
【背景】噬菌体(噬菌体)是生物圈中最普遍和广泛分布的生物实体,突出了它们的生态重要性(Suttle,2007)。许多研究还提出将噬菌体用于医疗目的(Weber-Dabrowska等人,2001; Merril等人,2003; Harper和Enright,2011; Edgar ,2012; Bikard等人,2014; Citorik等人,2014; Yosef等人, 2014年和2015年)。不幸的是,仅有少数公开的方法详细描述了噬菌体基因组学的基因工程(Selick等人,1988; Marinelli等人,2008; ...

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