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di-Sodium hydrogen phosphate

Company: Carl Roth
Catalog#: P030
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Infection of Soybean Plants with the Insect Bacterial Symbiont Burkholderia gladioli and Evaluation of Plant Fitness
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Date:
2017-12-20
[Abstract]  To investigate the establishment and consequences of host-microbe interactions, it is important to develop controlled infection assays suitable for each system, as well as appropriate methods to evaluate successful infection and its associated effects. Here, we describe a procedure for bacterial inoculation of soybean plants, followed by the assessment of systemic infection and impact on plant fitness. Soybean (Glycine max) seedlings were mechanically wounded using a device that mimics insect herbivory and inoculated with known cell numbers of Burkholderia gladioli bacteria previously isolated from an insect host. The impact on the plants was evaluated by monitoring changes in height, time to flowering and chlorophyll content during plant development, and by quantifying ... [摘要]  为了研究宿主 - 微生物相互作用的建立和后果,开发适用于每个系统的受控感染测定法以及评估成功感染及其相关作用的适当方法是重要的。在这里,我们描述了大豆植物的细菌接种程序,然后评估全身感染和对植物健康的影响。使用模拟昆虫食草动物的装置对大豆(Glycine max)幼苗进行机械性伤害,并用先前从昆虫宿主分离的已知细胞数目的伯克霍尔德氏菌(B.coli)进行接种。通过监测植物发育过程中身高,开花时间和叶绿素含量的变化以及通过与用无菌水接种的植物相比量化种子产量来评估对植物的影响。使用定量PCR和荧光原位杂交(FISH)在来自发育植物的组织中检查细菌感染的存在和增殖。

微生物与不同的真核生物建立共生关系,对宿主的适应性有着深远的影响,从有益到不利(Frank,1997)。在许多情况下,这些协会是直接或间接的影响与其他生物,如潜在的替代主机相互作用。举例来说,植物,微生物和昆虫之间有许多三方相互作用,其中微生物共生体在不同宿主之间传播并影响相关生物体的生理或生态(Frago等人)。 ,2012; Gilbert et al。,2012)。在植物性的Lagriinae甲虫中,与来自植物致病性分支的细菌(Burkholderia gladioli)建立了共生伙伴关系,表明这种关联在三方相互作用的情况下发展。先前已经证明了从 Lagria villosa ...

Preparation of Crude Synaptosomal Fractions from Mouse Brains and Spinal Cords
Author:
Date:
2017-08-05
[Abstract]  The current protocol describes the preparation of crude synaptosomal fractions from mouse brain or spinal cord samples. In detail, a sequential protocol yielding crude synaptosomal and light membrane fractions is provided. This fast and easy method might be sufficient to assess the amount of synaptic proteins in down-steam applications like Western-blot or ELISA in e.g., mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease or other neurodegenerative conditions. [摘要]  目前的方案描述了从小鼠脑或脊髓样品制备粗突触体部分。 详细地,提供了产生粗突触体和轻质膜部分的顺序方案。 这种快速和容易的方法可能足以在例如阿尔茨海默病或其他神经变性病症的小鼠模型中评估下蒸汽应用中的突触蛋白质的量,例如Western印迹或ELISA。
【背景】分析突触体,代表孤立的突触终端从神经元,可以产生有价值的信息,在不同的神经系统疾病的突触完整性。它们含有在特定条件下脑匀浆后从轴突末端脱离的膜结合区。目前的方案描述了一种快速和简便的浓缩粗突变体级分的方法(见图1)。这些可以用于通过蛋白质印迹定量突触蛋白质,或者可以使用密度梯度离心法进一步纯化以产生高度纯化的突触体亚级分(Gurd等人,1974)。粗突触体部分的制备可能足以评估例如的突触前和突触后蛋白如SNAP25或突触后密度蛋白95(PSD95)的量,例如,具有神经变性表型的小鼠模型(Breyhan等人,2009; Saul and Wirths,2017)。


图1.描述顺序提取过程的流程图

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