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OxoidTM Tryptone

Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: LP0042
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A Novel Method to Construct Binary CRISPR Vectors for Plant Transformation by Single Round of PCR Amplification
Author:
Date:
2021-04-05
[Abstract]  

CRISPR/Cas9 is an established and flexible tool for genome editing. However, most methods used to generate expression clones for the CRISPR/Cas9 are time-consuming. Hence, we have developed a one-step protocol to introduce sgRNA expression cassette(s) directly into binary vectors (Liu et al., 2020). In this approach, we have optimized the multiplex PCR to produce an overlapping PCR product in a single reaction to generate the sgRNA expression cassette. We also amplified two sgRNA expression cassettes through a single round of PCR. Then, the sgRNA expression cassette(s) is cloned into the binary vectors in a Gateway LR or Golden gate reaction. The system reported here provides a much more efficient and simpler procedure to construct expression clones for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome

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[摘要]  [摘要] CRISPR / Cas9是一种成熟且灵活的基因组编辑工具。但是,大多数用于生成CRISPR / Cas9表达克隆的方法都很耗时。因此,我们开发了一种将sgRNA表达盒直接引入二元载体的一步协议(Liu等人,2020年)。在这种方法中,我们优化了多重PCR,以在单个反应中产生重叠的PCR产物,从而生成sgRNA表达盒。我们还通过单轮PCR扩增了两个sgRNA表达盒。然后,在Gateway LR或Golden gate反应中将sgRNA表达盒克隆到二元载体中。本文报道的系统为构建用于CRISPR / Cas9介导的基因组编辑的表达克隆提供了更有效,更简单的程序。在此协议中,我们描述了使用此系统的详细分步说明。


[背景]乙acteria保卫针对病毒通过蛋白系统,由群集规则间隔开的短回文重复序列(CRISPR)中,CRISPR相关(CAS)蛋白质,CRISPR的RNA(crRNAs)和反式编码crRNA(tracrRNA)。现在,研究人员已经将其系统开发为用于靶向基因组编辑的关键工具。CRISPR –二元载体表达两个元素–具有靶序列的sgRNA(target-sgRNA)和Cas9蛋白–切割靶基因组区域。冯等人。(2013年)已经构建了网关载体,通过农杆菌介导的转化在植物中共表达Cas9和sgRNA ...

Determination of Antibacterial Activity of Film Coatings against Four Clinically Relevant Bacterial Strains
Author:
Date:
2021-01-20
[Abstract]  

Antibacterial coatings have currently gained great importance in biomedical technology investigations. Because of the spatial arrangement of the film coatings, evaluation of antibacterial activity presents a new challenge regarding traditional bacterial counting methods. In this protocol, four clinically relevant pathogens, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus were incubated on titania mesostructured thin film coatings for 24 h. Then, cell viability was studied considering three methods: counting of the number of colony forming units (CFU), live/dead staining, and quantification of extracellular DNA in suspension. Firstly, bacterial count was determined by the standard plate-count technique. Secondly, bacteria membrane integrity was

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[摘要]  [摘要]抗菌涂料目前在生物医学技术研究中具有重要意义。由于薄膜包衣的空间排列,抗菌活性的评估对传统的细菌计数方法提出了新的挑战。在此协议中,将四种临床相关病原体,鼠伤寒沙门氏菌,大肠杆菌,铜绿假单胞菌和金黄色葡萄球菌在二氧化钛介孔薄膜涂层上孵育24小时。然后,考虑三种方法研究细胞生存力:计数菌落形成单位(CFU)的数量,活/死染色以及悬浮液中细胞外DNA的定量。首先,通过标准的盘数技术确定细菌数。其次,通过利用两种荧光染料评估细菌膜的完​​整性,这两种荧光染料可以区分活细菌(完整的膜)和死细菌(破膜的)。最后,通过分光光度法定量细胞外DNA 。以这种方式,上述三种技术使得能够通过定性和定量分析研究细菌的生存力。

[背景]功能性涂料,由于他们提供的材料工程领域的宝贵优势被广泛研究。它们能够引入新的表面特性,而不会改变材料的体积特性。在它们的功能中,抗菌涂层对于生物医学应用已显示出极大的重要性(Mateescu等人,2015)。从这个意义上讲,纳米技术提供了制造抗菌涂层的重要工具。我们的小组已经实现了具有广谱杀菌活性的纳米结构涂层的合成,而没有利用抗生素或排斥细菌的物质(Scilletta et al。,2019)。在这里,只有个êSUP ...

Pea Aphid Rearing, Bacterial Infection and Hemocyte Phagocytosis Assay
Author:
Date:
2020-12-20
[Abstract]  

Insects rely on the simple but effective innate immune system to combat infection. Cellular and humoral responses are interconnected and synergistic in insects’ innate immune system. Phagocytosis is one major cellular response. It is difficult to collect clean hemolymph from the small insect like pea aphid. Here, we provide a practicable method for small insects hemocyte phagocytosis assay by taking pea aphid as an example. Furthermore, we provide the protocols for pea aphid rearing and bacterial infection, which offer referential method for related research.

[摘要]  [摘要]昆虫依靠简单但有效的先天免疫系统来抵抗感染。细胞和体液反应在昆虫的先天免疫系统中是相互联系和协同的。吞噬作用是一种主要的细胞反应。很难从豌豆蚜虫之类的小昆虫身上收集干净的血淋巴。在此,我们以豌豆蚜为例,为小昆虫血细胞吞噬作用测定提供了一种可行的方法。此外,我们提供了豌豆蚜虫饲养和细菌感染的协议我上,这提供了相关的研究参考方法。

关键词:免疫,方案,吞噬作用,蚜虫饲养,细菌感染



[背景技术] 吞噬作用,定义为颗粒大于0.5的细胞摄取微米通过形成膜衍生的吞噬体的,是一种古老的和进化上保守的机制昆虫细胞应答(勒梅特和霍夫曼,2007; Melcarne 。等人,2019a和2019 b)。吞噬作用是由吞噬细胞(专用细胞)介导的,吞噬细胞可以消化“改变自身”的颗粒和病原体(Hillyer和Strand,2014;Melcarne等,2019b)。吞噬细胞不仅可以是血细胞中的循环血细胞,而且可以是组织上的无柄血细胞(Hillyer和Strand,2014; Hillyer,2016; Sigle和Hillyer,2016)。当病原体进入昆虫血腔,吞噬细胞吞噬迅速病理克ENS和吞噬作用通常涂饰在小时(Hillyer等人,2003;王和Hillyer,2012;和事务所Hillyer,2016)。
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