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Culture tubes

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: C1048
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Ty1 Retrotransposition Frequency Assay Using a Chromosomal Ty1his3AI or Ty1kanMXAI Element
Author:
Date:
2018-09-05
[Abstract]  Here I describe a simple genetic assay to determine the frequency of retrotransposition of a single chromosomal Ty1 element that is marked with the retrotransposition indicator gene, his3AI or kanMXAI. The assay is used to determine the effect of mutations or environmental conditions on the frequency of Ty1 retrotransposition in the yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [摘要]  在这里,我描述了一个简单的基因测定,以确定单个染色体Ty1元件的逆转录频率,该元件用逆转录指示基因 his3AI 或 kanMXAI 标记。 该测定用于确定突变或环境条件对酵母中的Ty1逆转录频率的影响, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 。

【背景】Ty1是长末端重复(LTR)反转录转座子,其在结构上和进化上与逆转录病毒相关。当Ty1 RNA在细胞质病毒样颗粒内逆转录时,Ty1的逆转录发生,导致cDNA的合成,转运回细胞核并整合到其宿主的基因组中(Boeke et al。 ,1985; Garfinkel et al。,1985)。整合的Ty1元件包含两个相同方向的LTR,位于两个开放阅读框的侧翼: GAG ,它编码形成病毒样颗粒并结合Ty1 RNA的结构蛋白, POL ,它编码三种酶蛋白 - 蛋白酶,逆转录酶和整合酶(图1)。 Ty1元素是 S中所有五个LTR-反转录转座子家族中最活跃和最丰富的转录。酵母。 Ty1已被证明受数百种基因,几种不同的环境条件和各种DNA损伤剂的调节(Curcio et ...

Determination of NO and CSF Levels Produced by Bacillus subtilis
Author:
Date:
2017-07-05
[Abstract]  The cell-to-cell communication and division of labour that occurs inside a beneficial biofilm produce significant differences in gene expression compared with the gene expression pattern of cells grew under planktonic conditions. In this sense, the levels of NO (nitric oxide) and CSF (Competence Sporulation Stimulating Factor) produced in Bacillus subtilis cultures have been measured only under planktonic growth conditions. We sought to determine whether NO and/or CSF production is affected in B. subtilis cells that develop as a biofilm. To measure the production levels of the two prolongevity molecules, we grew B. subtilis cells under planktonic and biofilm supporting condition. [摘要]  与浮游生物条件下生长的细胞的基因表达模式相比,有益生物膜内发生的细胞间细胞通讯和分裂产生显着的基因表达差异。 在这个意义上,仅在浮游生长条件下测量枯草芽孢杆菌培养物中产生的NO(一氧化氮)和CSF(能力孢子刺激因子)的水平。 我们试图确定是否NO和/或CSF生产受到影响。 枯草芽孢杆菌细胞作为生物膜发展。 为了测量两种长寿命分子的生产水平,我们生长了B。 枯草芽孢杆菌细胞在浮游生物膜支持条件下。
【背景】NO是关键的信号分子,在脊椎动物的各种生物过程中发挥作用(Kerwin等人,1995)。 ℃。 elegans 不能产生自己的NO,但是能够包含由B生产的NO。 (Cabreiro and Gems,2013; Gusarov et al。,2013; Kim,2013; Clark和Hodgkin,2014)。大多数生物体在通过由基因编码的酶NO合成酶催化的反应中,通过L-精氨酸向L-瓜氨酸的有氧转化而产生NO(Sudhamsu和Crane,2009)。 电子。 (OP50,HB101)(Cabreiro和Gems,2013; Kim,2013; Clark和Hodgkin,2014),其中几种常规用于喂食蠕虫(OP50,HB101),因为缺乏有氧NO生产,不太熟练功能副本 nos (Sudhamsu and ...

Serial Immunoprecipitation of 3xFLAG/V5-tagged Yeast Proteins to Identify Specific Interactions with Chaperone Proteins
Author:
Date:
2017-06-20
[Abstract]  This method was generated to isolate high affinity protein complexes from yeast lysate by performing serial affinity purification of doubly tagged 3xFLAG/V5 proteins. First, the bait protein of interest is immunoprecipitated by anti-FLAG-conjugated magnetic beads and gently eluted by 3xFLAG antigen peptide. Next, the bait protein is recaptured from the first eluate by anti-V5-conjugated magnetic beads and eluted with ionic detergent. In this manner, the majority of abundant, nonspecific proteins remain either bound to the first beads or in the first eluate, allowing pure, high affinity complexes to be obtained. This approach can be used to show specific interactions with notoriously ‘sticky’ chaperone proteins. [摘要]  产生这种方法通过双重标记的3xFLAG / V5蛋白的连续亲和纯化来分离来自酵母裂解物的高亲和力蛋白质复合物。 首先,感兴趣的诱饵蛋白通过抗FLAG缀合的磁珠免疫沉淀,并用3xFLAG抗原肽轻轻洗脱。 接下来,通过抗V5共轭磁珠从第一洗脱液中回收诱饵蛋白质并用离子型洗涤剂洗脱。 以这种方式,大多数丰富的非特异性蛋白质仍然与第一珠粒或第一洗脱液结合,从而获得纯的高亲和性复合物。 这种方法可用于显示与臭名昭着的“粘滞”伴侣蛋白的特定相互作用。
【背景】通过质谱(IP / MS)进行免疫沉淀是鉴定与特定目标诱饵蛋白质的蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用的无偏见方法。虽然这种方法被有效地应用于鉴定蛋白质相互作用网络,但是它被假阳性困扰 - ...

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