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Boric acid

Company: Carl Roth
Catalog#: 6943
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Isolation, Culture and Differentiation of Adult Hippocampal Precursor Cells
Author:
Date:
2017-11-05
[Abstract]  There are two neurogenic niches in the adult mammalian brain: the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricle and the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Cells from these areas can be isolated and maintained in vitro, using two different culture systems to assess their potential regarding proliferation and differentiation in a reductionist model. While the neurosphere assay is primarily performed to directly study the proliferative and differentiation potential of cells in individual brains, the monolayer culture allows single cell analysis in a rather homogeneous cell population. Here, we describe the isolation, culturing methods and differentiation of neural precursor cells in both systems. [摘要]  成年哺乳动物脑中有两个神经生态位:侧脑室下脑室区和海马齿状回颗粒下区。 来自这些区域的细胞可以在体外分离和维持,使用两种不同的培养系统评估它们在还原模型中的增殖和分化的潜力。 虽然神经球测定主要是为了直接研究个体脑中细胞的增殖和分化潜能,单层培养允许在相当均匀的细胞群中进行单细胞分析。 在这里,我们描述了两个系统中的神经前体细胞的分离,培养方法和分化。

【背景】在哺乳动物脑中,成人神经干细胞存在于两个主要神经生态位中,即海马齿状回(DG)的下颗粒区(SGZ)和室下区(SVZ)的侧脑室,其允许新生神经元成人的大脑。来自神经生态位的神经前体细胞可以在体外分离和培养以模拟细胞过程,尤其是增殖和分化。两种标准培养系统,贴壁单层培养(Palmer等人,1995; Ray等人,1995)和神经球测定(Reynolds和Weiss,1992和1996 )在20世纪90年代被引入,代表了在体外研究神经祖细胞生物学的有价值的工具。

根据研究问题,每个系统都有其优点和缺点,在选择其中一种或另一种培养方法之前应该仔细考虑。在贴壁单层培养中,细胞生长相当孤立,形成更均匀的培养物。单层允许直接调查和监测单细胞水平的神经前体细胞。受控条件下的形态,增殖和分化等特征可以很容易地分析和可视化。然而,与神经球培养物相比,以单层培养的细胞代表更复杂的模型,因为细胞通常以更少的通常存在于细胞壁中的细胞 ...

Drosophila Fecal Sampling
Author:
Date:
2017-09-20
[Abstract]  Fecal sampling is a non-invasive method which raises the possibility to study the development and the changes in the microbial community throughout different time points of a fly population or throughout different treatments. This method allows precise manipulation to trigger the fly’s physiology by nutritional interventions, bacterial infections or other stressors.

As in most other animals, the intestinal microbiota is essential for a healthy fly-life. Because Drosophila only harbors a relative simple bacterial community with a small variety of round about 8 to 10 different species, it is rather easy to build up the microbial community and to investigate microbial changes after treatment.

Another positive effect using the fly’s feces is that bacteria that ...
[摘要]  粪便取样是一种非侵入性方法,提高了在飞行群体的不同时间点或整个不同处理过程中研究微生物群落的发展和变化的可能性。这种方法允许精确的操纵通过营养干预,细菌感染或其他压力源触发苍蝇的生理学。
  与大多数其他动物一样,肠道微生物群对健康的飞行生命至关重要。因为果蝇只拥有一个相对简单的细菌群落,有大约8到10个不同种类的小种,很容易建立微生物群落,并在处理后调查微生物的变化。
  使用蝇的粪便的另一个积极作用是不是肠微生物群的一部分的细菌,例如Wolbachia,可以直接从分析中排除,因为它们不会排泄。
  使用这种方法,生成的数据集可能反映了在简单飞行模型中研究微生物组织相关疾病的一个很好的范例,此外,可以以高通量方法测试药物。

Quantitative Determination of Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Author:
Date:
2017-07-20
[Abstract]  Cyanobacteria synthesize a variety of chemically-different, high-value biopolymers such as glycogen (polyglucose), poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), cyanophycin (polyamide of arginine and aspartic acid) and volutin (polyphosphate) under excess conditions. Especially under unbalanced C to N ratios, glycogen and in some cyanobacterial genera also PHB are massively accumulated in the progression of the general nitrogen stress response. Several different technologies have been established for in situ and in vitro PHB analysis from different microbial sources. In this protocol, a rapid and reliable spectrophotometric method is described for PHB quantification in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 upon nitrogen deprivation as described in (Damrow et ... [摘要]  蓝细菌合成各种化学上不同的高价值生物聚合物,如糖原(polyglucose),poly-β-β-羟基丁酸酯(PHB),蓝藻素(精氨酸和天冬氨酸的聚酰胺)和挥发物(多磷酸盐) 在超额条件下。 特别是在不平衡的C至N比下,糖原和一些蓝藻属中,PHB在一般氮应激反应进程中大量积累。 已经针对不同微生物来源的原位实验和/或从体外分析,建立了几种不同的技术。 在该协议中,描述了用于蓝藻(Stechocystis)的PHB定量的快速可靠的分光光度法。 如(Damrow等人,2016)中描述的氮缺乏的PCC 6803。
【背景】非重氮营养蓝细菌,例如集胞藻(Synechocystis) PCC 6803通过漂白来解决缺乏组合的氮源,这是一种被称为褪绿的过程(Allen和Smith,1969)。这种驯化反应的特征在于四个主要的结构和形态变化:(i)类囊体层之间的电子致密糖原夹杂物(直径约40nm)的大量积累伴随着(ii)藻糖酵母天线复合物的降解, (iii)类囊体膜层的拆卸,包括数量减少和包装密度,和(iv)形成不同的电子透明PHB颗粒(直径约400-500nm)(Damrow等人,2016)。由于不存在分解代谢酶和PHB缺陷型突变体的明显表型,所以在几种物种中合成的蓝细菌PHB代谢的生理功能是相当不透明的(Beck等人,2012; van ,2010; Damrow等人,2016; ...

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