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BsmBI

Company: New England Biolabs
Catalog#: R0580S
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Single-step Precision Genome Editing in Yeast Using CRISPR-Cas9
Author:
Date:
2018-03-20
[Abstract]  Genome modification in budding yeast has been extremely successful largely due to its highly efficient homology-directed DNA repair machinery. Several methods for modifying the yeast genome have previously been described, many of them involving at least two-steps: insertion of a selectable marker and substitution of that marker for the intended modification. Here, we describe a CRISPR-Cas9 mediated genome editing protocol for modifying any yeast gene of interest (either essential or nonessential) in a single-step transformation without any selectable marker. In this system, the Cas9 nuclease creates a double-stranded break at the locus of choice, which is typically lethal in yeast cells regardless of the essentiality of the targeted locus due to inefficient non-homologous end-joining ... [摘要]  芽殖酵母中的基因组修饰已经非常成功,主要归功于其高度同源性的DNA修复机制。之前已经描述了几种用于修饰酵母基因组的方法,其中许多方法涉及至少两个步骤:插入选择标记并用该标记取代预期的修饰。在这里,我们描述了CRISPR-Cas9介导的基因组编辑方案,用于在没有任何选择标记的情况下在单步转化中修饰任何感兴趣的酵母基因(基本或非必需)。在该系统中,Cas9核酸酶在选择的基因座处产生双链断裂,这在酵母细胞中通常是致死的,而不管由于无效的非同源末端连接修复导致的靶基因座的重要性。该致死性通过使用源自PCR的修复模板的同源重组导致有效的修复。在涉及必需基因的情况下,用功能性等位基因编辑基因组病变的必要性作为额外的选择层。作为一个激励性的例子,我们描述了使用这种策略替代HEM2,一种必需的酵母基因,以及相应的人类直向同源物ALAD。

【背景】酿酒酵母(Baccharomyces cerevisiae,Baker's酵母)作为一种遗传易处理的生物体具有悠久的历史,并且有许多操作酵母基因组的方法。然而,直到最近,有必要应用选择以分离具有所需遗传改变的克隆(Kearse等人,2012; DiCarlo等人,2013; Lee等人,等,2015; ...

Precision Tagging: A Novel Seamless Protein Tagging by Combinational Use of Type II and Type IIS Restriction Endonucleases
Author:
Date:
2018-02-05
[Abstract]  Protein tagging is a powerful tool for performing comprehensive analyses of the biological functions of a protein of interest owing to the existence of a wide variety of tags. It becomes indispensable in some cases, such as in tracking protein dynamics in a live cell or adding a peptide epitope due to the lack of optimal antibodies. However, efficiently integrating an array of tags into the gene of interest remains a challenge. Traditional DNA recombinant technology based on type II restriction endonucleases renders protein tagging tedious and inefficient as well as the introduction of an unwanted junction sequence. In our attempt to tag Thrombospondin type 1 domain-containing 1 (THSD1) that we identified as the first intracranial aneurysm gene (Santiago-Sim et al., 2016), we ... [摘要]  由于各种标签的存在,蛋白质标签是一种对感兴趣的蛋白质的生物学功能进行全面分析的有力工具。在某些情况下,例如跟踪活细胞中的蛋白质动态变化或由于缺乏最佳抗体而添加肽表位,这变得不可或缺。然而,将一系列标签有效地整合到感兴趣的基因中仍然是一个挑战。基于II型限制性内切核酸酶的传统DNA重组技术使得蛋白质标记繁琐且效率低下以及引入不需要的连接序列。我们试图标记我们确定为第一个颅内动脉瘤基因的血小板反应蛋白1型结构域1(THSD1)(Santiago-Sim等人,2016),我们开发了一种新型精确标记技术,组合使用II型和IIS限制性核酸内切酶(Xu等人,2017),其产生高效率的无缝克隆。在这里,我们描述了一个协议,不仅为任何感兴趣的基因提供了一个广义的策略,而且还将THSD1中的11个不同标签的应用作为一个循序渐进的例子。


【背景】具有不同特征的多功能标签可以作为一组分析蛋白质功能的工具。诸如绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)标签及其衍生物,串联亲和纯化标签(如FLAG-HA或ProtA-CBP)的各种标签多年来革新了生物学研究。一些新开发的化学标签,如SNAP或CLIP,允许以时间控制的方式有条件地标记感兴趣的蛋白质(Bodor等人,2012)。然而,有效地将尽可能多的不同标签整合到感兴趣的基因中的方法发展不足。

传统的DNA重组利用识别回文序列的II型限制性内切核酸酶。例如,Eco ...

A Method to Convert mRNA into a Guide RNA (gRNA) Library without Requiring Previous Bioinformatics Knowledge of the Organism
Author:
Date:
2017-05-20
[Abstract]  While the diversity of species represents a diversity of special biological abilities, many of the genes that encode those special abilities in a variety of species are untouched, leaving an untapped gold mine of genetic information; however, despite current advances in genome bioinformatics, annotation of that genetic information is incomplete in most species, except for well-established model organisms, such as human, mouse, or yeast. A guide RNA (gRNA) library using the clustered regularly interspersed palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 (CRISPR-associated protein 9) system can be used for the phenotypic screening of uncharacterized genes by forward genetics. The construction of a gRNA library usually requires an abundance of chemically synthesized oligos designed from annotated genes; ... [摘要]  虽然物种的多样性代表着特殊的生物学能力的多样性,但许多编码这些特殊能力的基因却是不变的,留下了未开发的遗传信息金矿;然而,尽管基因组生物信息学方面取得了进展,但除了成熟的模型生物体,如人,小鼠或酵母,遗传信息的注释在大多数物种中是不完全的。使用聚簇常规散布的回文重复序列(CRISPR)/ Cas9(CRISPR相关蛋白9)系统的引导RNA(gRNA)文库可用于通过正向遗传学对非特异性基因的表型筛选。 gRNA文库的构建通常需要从注释基因设计的大量化学合成寡核苷酸;如果想在没有目标DNA序列的先验知识的情况下将mRNA转换成gRNA,那么主要的挑战就是发现原始邻近基序(PAM)侧翼的序列并切出20-bp片段。最近,我开发了基于分子生物学技术将mRNA转化为gRNA文库(Arakawa,2016)(图1)。我在这里描述了如何从mRNA构建gRNA文库的详细协议。


图1.将mRNA转化为gRNA文库构建的方法(Sanjana等人,2014)。总结了该方法的方案。在步骤中详细描述了D-O的每个步骤。 ...

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