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1 M 2-[4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl]

Company: Dojindo
Catalog#: 342-01375
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Investigating Localization of Chimeric Transporter Proteins within Chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana
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Date:
2018-02-05
[Abstract]  In this protocol, we describe a method to design chimeric proteins for specific targeting to the inner envelope membrane (IEM) of Arabidopsis chloroplasts and the confirmation of their localization by biochemical analysis. Specific targeting to the chloroplast IEM can be achieved by fusing the protein of interest with a transit peptide and an IEM targeting signal. This protocol makes it possible to investigate the localization of chimeric proteins in chloroplasts using a small number of transgenic plants by using a modified method of chloroplast isolation and fractionation. IEM localization of chimeric proteins can be further assessed by trypsin digestion and alkaline extraction. Here, the localization of the chimeric bicarbonate transporter, designated as SbtAII, is detected by ... [摘要]  在这个协议中,我们描述了一种设计嵌合蛋白的方法,用于特异性靶向拟南芥叶绿体的内包膜(IEM)并通过生化分析确定它们的定位。 叶绿体IEM的特异性靶向可通过将感兴趣的蛋白质与转运肽和IEM靶向信号融合来实现。 这个协议使得有可能使用少量的转基因植物,通过使用修改的叶绿体分离和分离方法来研究嵌合蛋白在叶绿体中的定位。 嵌合蛋白的IEM定位可以通过胰蛋白酶消化和碱性提取进一步评估。 在此,称为SbtAII的嵌合碳酸氢根转运蛋白的定位通过使用针对葡萄球菌蛋白A的抗体进行蛋白质印迹来检测。该方案改编自上原等人,2016年


【背景】有人提出将蓝藻CO 2浓度机制整合到叶绿体中是改善C 3+植物光合作用的有希望的方法。 根据理论估计,将BicA和SbtA整合到叶绿体IEM中可以提高光合CO 2固定率。 我们研究了核编码的蓝细菌碳酸氢盐转运蛋白BicA和SbtA与拟南芥叶绿体的IEM的整合。 因此,我们制定了一个协议,设计嵌合构造为特定目标的IEM和调查嵌合蛋白在叶绿体中的定位。

A Protocol for Production of Mutant Mice Using Chemically Synthesized crRNA/tracrRNA with Cas9 Nickase and FokI-dCas9
Author:
Date:
2017-06-05
[Abstract]  The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9) system is the most widely used genome editing tool. A common CRISPR/Cas9 system consists of two components: a single-guide RNA (sgRNA) and Cas9. Both components are required for the introduction of a double-strand break (DSB) at a specific target sequence. One drawback of this system is that the production of sgRNA in the laboratory is laborious since it requires cloning of an sgRNA sequence, in vitro transcription reaction and sgRNA purification. An alternative to targeting Cas9 activity by sgRNA is to target it with two small RNAs: CRISPR RNA (crRNA) and trans-activating crRNA (tracrRNA). Both of these small RNAs can be chemically synthesized which makes the production of ... [摘要]  聚类规则间隔短回文重复(CRISPR)/ CRISPR相关蛋白9(Cas9)系统是使用最广泛的基因组编辑工具。一个常见的CRISPR / Cas9系统由两个组成部分组成:单导RNA(sgRNA)和Cas9。在特定靶序列引入双链断裂(DSB)需要两种成分。该系统的一个缺点是实验室中sgRNA的生产是费力的,因为它需要在体外​​转录反应和sgRNA纯化之间克隆sgRNA序列。通过sgRNA靶向Cas9活性的替代方案是用两种小RNA:CRISPR RNA(crRNA)和反式激活性crRNA(tracrRNA)进行靶向。这两种小RNA可以化学合成,这使得与sgRNA相比,这些RNA的产生不那么困难。 CRISPR / Cas9系统的另一个缺点是已经报告了脱靶效应。然而,已经开发了改进形式的Cas9以最小化离靶效应。例如,仅当两个引导RNA在规定的距离内结合相对的链时,切口酶型Cas9(nCas9)和FokI结构域融合的催化无活性的Cas9(FokI-dCas9; fCas9)才诱导DSB。在本协议中,我们描述了使用结合crRNA,tracrRNA和Cas9修饰形式的CRISPR / Cas9系统来生产突变小鼠的实验系统。该方法不仅有利于制备用于基因组编辑系统的试剂,而且可以降低脱靶效应的风险。

背景 ...

Simple Spectroscopic Determination of Nitrate, Nitrite, and Ammonium in Arabidopsis thaliana
Author:
Date:
2017-05-20
[Abstract]  Plants use nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium as inorganic nitrogen (N) sources. These N compounds are included in plant tissues at various concentrations depending on the balance between their uptake and assimilation. Thus, the contents of nitrate, nitrite, and ammonium are physiological indicators of plant N economy. Here, we describe a protocol for measurement of these inorganic N species in A. thaliana shoots or roots. [摘要]  植物使用硝酸盐,亚硝酸盐和铵作为无机氮(N)源。这些N化合物根据其吸收和同化之间的平衡以各种浓度包含在植物组织中。因此,硝酸盐,亚硝酸盐和铵的含量是植物N经济的生理指标。在这里,我们描述了在A中测量这些无机N物质的方案。 thaliana 芽或根。

背景 无机氮含量的测定对于预测植物吸收和吸收氮的能力很重要。研究人员经常使用需要昂贵设备的技术,如高效液相色谱(HPLC),用于这些测量。本协议基于通用光谱法与廉价的试剂,使其适用于许多研究人员。在酸性条件下,硝酸盐引起水杨酸的硝化,随后加入碱性溶液会导致黄色复合物。在酸性条件下,亚硝酸盐与磺胺类反应产生重氮化合物,其与N - (1-萘基)乙二胺进行重氮偶联,形成粉红色偶氮化合物。在硝普钠盐的催化作用下,铵可以测定为蓝色靛酚衍生物。每个实验程序容易,快速,简单。

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