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SpectraMax M2/M2e Microplate Readers

Company: Molecular Devices
Catalog#: SpectraMax M2/M2e
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Isolation and Infection of Drosophila Primary Hemocytes
Author:
Date:
2017-06-05
[Abstract]  Phagocytosis of invading pathogens and their subsequent clearance in lysosomes is important for organismal fitness. We have devised the following protocol to extract phagocytic hemocytes from wild-type and mutant Drosophila larvae and infect the isolated hemocytes with GFP-labeled E. coli to measure the rate of phagocytosis and degradation within individual hemocytes over time. [摘要]  入侵病原体的吞噬作用及其随后在溶酶体中的清除对于有机体适应性是重要的。我们设计了以下方案从野生型和突变型果蝇幼虫中提取吞噬性血细胞,并用GFP标记的E感染分离的血细胞。大肠杆菌以测量个体血细胞内吞噬和降解的速度。

背景 下面描述的实验可用于研究吞噬体的生物发生,成熟和向溶酶体的递送。细菌积累已经在免疫受损的果蝇的背景下得到充分的研究,其具有IMD或Toll信号传导中的缺陷,并导致抗微生物肽的表达降低(例如,Lemaitre和Hoffmann ,2007; Kleino和Silverman,2014)。细菌感染的细胞响应在果蝇中的研究较少,大多数研究集中于干扰血细胞对细菌的最初吞噬吞噬的突变(Kocks等人,2005年) ;帕森斯和福利,2016)。这种细菌摄取是直接使用FACS分析进行测量(Tirouvanziam等人,2004)。然而,对于吞噬体成熟的详细分析,我们发现检查附着在玻璃盖板上的个体血细胞是有利的(Akbar等人,2011; Rahman等人。 ,2012; Akbar等人,2016),因为这个过程为我们研究吞噬体成熟提供了时间和空间分辨率的最佳组合。

Escherichia coli Infection of Drosophila
Author:
Date:
2017-05-05
[Abstract]  Following septic insults, healthy insects, just like vertebrates, mount a complex immune response to contain and destroy pathogens. The failure to efficiently clear bacterial infections in immuno-compromised fly mutants leads to higher mortality rates which provide a powerful indicator for genes with important roles in innate immunity. The following protocol is designed to reproducibly inject a known amount of non-pathogenic E. coli into otherwise sterile flies and to measure the survival of flies after infection. The protocol can be easily adapted to different types of bacteria. [摘要]  在败血症后,健康的昆虫就像脊椎动物一样,会发生复杂的免疫反应,以遏制和破坏病原体。在免疫损害的蝇突变体中未能有效地清除细菌感染导致更高的死亡率,这为在先天免疫中具有重要作用的基因提供了强有力的指标。以下协议被设计为可重复地注射已知量的非致病性E。大肠杆菌进入其他无菌苍蝇,并测量感染后苍蝇的存活率。该方案可以轻松适应不同类型的细菌。

背景 经典的感染实验包括口服感染果蝇(Chakrabarti等人,2016)或用浸在浓缩细菌溶液中的针(Romeo和Lemaitre,2008)。与这些方案不同,我们的实验程序允许我们确定感染部位,并精确控制注射到每只苍蝇中的细菌的剂量。这提供了均匀性和重复性,并且允许我们适应不同实验的细菌负荷(Akbar等人,2011和2016)。

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