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Hamilton syringe 25 µl

Company: Hamilton
Catalog#: 80400
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Radioactive Tracer Feeding Experiments and Product Analysis to Determine the Biosynthetic Capability of Comfrey (Symphytum officinale) Leaves for Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids
Author:
Date:
2018-02-05
[Abstract]  This protocol delivers a method to determine the biosynthetic capability of comfrey leaves for pyrrolizidine alkaloids independently from other organs like roots or flowers.

The protocol applies and combines radioactive tracer experiments with standard and modern techniques like thin layer chromatography (TLC), solid-phase extraction (SPE), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
[摘要]  该协议提供了一种方法来确定紫草叶生物合成能力的吡咯烷生物碱独立于其他器官,如根或花。

该协议将放射性示踪剂实验与薄层色谱法,固相萃取法,高效液相色谱法和气相色谱 - 质谱法等标准和现代技术相结合。

【背景】据了解,紫草根能够合成吡咯里西啶生物碱(Frölichet al。,2007),生物合成的关键酶高胡亚素合成酶(HSS)定位于内皮细胞。 除了这个合成位点之外,还有一些暗示,即某个发育阶段的叶子也许能够产生吡咯里西啶生物碱(Niemüller等人,2012)。 因此,开发一种方案来确定紫草叶合成吡咯里西啶生物碱的生物合成能力,以独立于其他植物器官。

Teratoma Formation Assay for Assessing Pluripotency and Tumorigenicity of Pluripotent Stem Cells
Author:
Date:
2017-08-20
[Abstract]  Pluripotent stem cells such as induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) form teratomas when transplanted into immunodeficient mice. As teratomas contain all three germ layers (endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm), teratoma formation assay is widely used as an index of pluripotency (Evans and Kaufman, 1981; Hentze et al., 2009; Gropp et al., 2012). On the other hand, teratoma-forming tumorigenicity also represents a major risk factor impeding potential clinical applications of pluripotent stem cells (Miura et al., 2009; Okano et al., 2013). Recently, we reported that iPSCs derived from naked mole-rat lack teratoma-forming tumorigenicity when engrafted into the testes of non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) ... [摘要]  多能干细胞,如诱导多能干细胞(iPSCs)和胚胎干细胞(ESC),当移植到免疫缺陷小鼠时,形成畸胎瘤。由于畸胎瘤包含所有三个胚层(内胚层,中胚层,外胚层),畸胎瘤形成测定被广泛用作多能性的指标(Evans和Kaufman,1981; Hentze等,2009; Gropp等,2012)。另一方面,畸胎瘤形成致瘤性也是阻碍多能干细胞潜在临床应用的主要危险因素(Miura et al。,2009; Okano等,2013)。最近,我们报道了由于ES细胞表达的Ras(ERAS)和替代物,嫁接到非肥胖型糖尿病/严重联合免疫缺陷型(NOD / SCID)小鼠的睾丸中,从裸鼠睾丸衍生的iPSC缺乏畸胎瘤形成致瘤性阅读框(ARF)依赖于该物种特异性的肿瘤抑制机制(Miyawaki等,2016)。在这里,我们描述了将多能干细胞移植到NOD / SCID小鼠的睾丸中以产生用于评估多能性和致瘤性的畸胎瘤的方法。
【背景】iPSCs和ESC用于再生医学细胞移植治疗中的应用。然而,当移植到免疫缺陷小鼠中时,这些细胞形成称为含有分化组织的畸胎瘤的肿瘤。因此,其畸胎瘤形成致瘤性的风险限制了其临床应用。几项研究报道了克服畸胎瘤形成肿瘤发生风险的方法(Itakura et al。,2017; Vazquez-Martin et ...

Assay to Measure Interactions between Purified Drp1 and Synthetic Liposomes
Author:
Date:
2017-05-05
[Abstract]  A mitochondrion is a dynamic intracellular organelle that actively divides and fuses to control its size, number and shape in cells. A regulated balance between mitochondrial division and fusion is fundamental to the function, distribution and turnover of mitochondria (Roy et al., 2015). Mitochondrial division is mediated by dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a mechano-chemical GTPase that constricts mitochondrial membranes (Tamura et al., 2011). Mitochondrial membrane lipids such as phosphatidic acid and cardiolipin bind Drp1, and Drp1-phospholipid interactions provide key regulatory mechanisms for mitochondrial division (Montessuit et al., 2010; Bustillo-Zabalbeitia et al., 2014; Macdonald et al., 2014; Stepanyants et al., 2015; ... [摘要]  线粒体是一种动态的细胞内细胞器,主动分裂和融合以控制细胞的大小,数量和形状。线粒体分裂和融合之间的调节平衡是线粒体功能,分布和周转的基础(Roy等,2015)。线粒体分化是由动力蛋白相关蛋白1(Drp1)介导的,其是限制线粒体膜的机械化学GTP酶(Tamura等人,2011)。线粒体膜脂质如磷脂酸和心磷脂结合Drp1,并且Drp1磷脂相互作用提供线粒体分裂的关键调控机制(Montessuit等人,2010; Bustillo-Zabalbeitia等人2014年; Macdonald等人,2014年; Stepanyants等人,2015; Adachi等人,2016)。在这里,我们描述了使用纯化的重组Drp1和具有定义的一组磷脂的合成脂质体定量测量Drp1与脂质的相互作用的生物化学实验。该测定使得可以定义蛋白质 - 脂质相互作用的特异性以及头基和酰基链的作用。

背景 蛋白质和膜脂质的相互作用对于细胞如细胞器分裂中生物膜的重塑至关重要。在线粒体分裂中,Drp1限制线粒体膜并驱动该膜重塑过程。我们最近显示,信号磷脂,磷脂酸与Drp1相互作用,并通过限制线粒体上的组装分裂机制(Adachi等人,2016)产生启动步骤。 Drp1识别磷脂酸的头基和酰基链。为了分析Drp1-磷脂酸结合,我们建立了几种蛋白质 - ...

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