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Mini-Sub® Cell GT Horizontal Electrophoresis System, 7 x 7 cm tray, with casting gates

Company: Bio-Rad Laboratories
Catalog#: 1704406
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In vivo Analysis of Cyclic di-GMP Cyclase and Phosphodiesterase Activity in Escherichia coli Using a Vc2 Riboswitch-based Assay
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Date:
2018-03-05
[Abstract]  Cyclic di-guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) is a ubiquitous second messenger that regulates distinct aspects of bacterial physiology. It is synthesized by diguanylate cyclases (DGCs) and hydrolyzed by phosphodiesterases (PDEs). To date, the activities of DGC and PDE are commonly assessed by phenotypic assays, mass spectrometry analysis of intracellular c-di-GMP concentration, or riboswitch-based fluorescent biosensors. However, some of these methods require cutting-edge equipment, which might not be available in every laboratory. Here, we report a new simple, convenient and cost-effective system to assess the function of DGCs and PDEs in E. coli. This system utilizes the high specificity of a riboswitch to c-di-GMP and its ability to regulate the expression of a downstream ... [摘要]  环状二磷酸鸟苷(c-di-GMP)是一种无处不在的第二信使,它调节细菌生理学的不同方面。 它由diguanylate环化酶(DGC)合成并被磷酸二酯酶(PDE)水解。 迄今为止,通常通过表型分析,细胞内c-di-GMP浓度的质谱分析或基于核糖开关的荧光生物传感器来评估DGC和PDE的活性。 但是,其中一些方法需要尖端设备,而这些设备可能不适用于每个实验室。 在这里,我们报告了一个新的简单,方便和具有成本效益的系统,用于评估E中DGC和PDE的功能。大肠杆菌。 该系统利用核糖开关对c-di-GMP的高特异性及其响应于c-di-GMP浓度而调节下游β-半乳糖苷酶报道基因的表达的能力。 在该协议中,我们描述了该系统的构建及其用于评估DGC和PDE酶的活性。

【背景】Cyclic-di-GMP是细菌中重要且无处不在的第二信使,其调节各种过程,例如运动到衰退转变,生物膜形成,毒力和细胞周期进展(Römling等人, ,2013)。 GG(D / ...

Protocol for Construction of a Tunable CRISPR Interference (tCRISPRi) Strain for Escherichia coli
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Date:
2017-10-05
[Abstract]  We present a protocol for construction of tunable CRISPR interference (tCRISPRi) strains for Escherichia coli. The tCRISPRi system alleviates most of the known problems of plasmid-based expression methods, and can be immediately used to construct libraries of sgRNAs that can complement the Keio collection by targeting both essential and nonessential genes. Most importantly from a practical perspective, construction of tCRISPRi to target a new gene requires only one-step oligo recombineering. Additional advantages of tCRISPRi over other existing CRISPRi methods include: (1) tCRISPRi shows significantly less than 10% leaky repression; (2) tCRISPRi uses a tunable arabinose operon promoter and modifications in transporter genes to allow a wide dynamic range with graded control by ... [摘要]  我们提出了构建大肠杆菌可调CRISPR干扰(tCRISPRi)菌株的方案。 tCRISPRi系统缓解了基于质粒的表达方法的大多数已知问题,并且可以立即用于构建可通过靶向必需基因和非必需基因来补充Keio收集物的sgRNA的文库。 最重要的是从实践的角度来看,建立tCRISPRi来靶向一个新的基因只需要一步寡核苷酸重组。 tCRISPRi与其他现有CRISPRI方法的其他优点包括:(1)tCRISPRi显示低于10%的泄漏抑制; (2)tCRISPRi使用可调阿拉伯糖操纵子启动子和转运蛋白基因的修饰,以允许通过阿拉伯糖诱导剂分级控制的宽动态范围; (3)tCRISPRi是无质粒的,整个系统整合到染色体中; (4)tCRISPRi菌株显示出理想的生理特性。
【背景】已经开发了各种CRISPR干扰系统,用于从细菌到真核生物的生物体。对于正在考虑使用CRISPRi细菌的人员,我们提供了关于我们的tCRISPRi系统的以下背景资料(Li等等,2016)及其与其他CRISPRi系统的比较。
Morgan-Kiss 等人。 (2002)开发了基于质粒的剂量诱导型启动子pBAD。它们的系统允许来自pBAD启动子的蛋白质的可调节表达,取决于阿拉伯糖水平。阿拉伯糖转运蛋白基因和araFGH在菌株中是无活性的。他们的菌株也有两个拷贝的lacY ...

CRISPR/Cas9 Editing of the Bacillus subtilis Genome
Author:
Date:
2017-04-20
[Abstract]  A fundamental procedure for most modern biologists is the genetic manipulation of the organism under study. Although many different methods for editing bacterial genomes have been used in laboratories for decades, the adaptation of CRISPR/Cas9 technology to bacterial genetics has allowed researchers to manipulate bacterial genomes with unparalleled facility. CRISPR/Cas9 has allowed for genome edits to be more precise, while also increasing the efficiency of transferring mutations into a variety of genetic backgrounds. As a result, the advantages are realized in tractable organisms and organisms that have been refractory to genetic manipulation. Here, we describe our method for editing the genome of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. Our method is highly efficient, resulting in ... [摘要]  大多数现代生物学家的基本过程是研究生物体的遗传操作。尽管许多不同的方法用于编辑细菌基因组已经在实验室中使用了数十年,但CRISPR / Cas9技术对细菌遗传学的适应使得研究人员能够以无与伦比的设施来操纵细菌基因组。 CRISPR / Cas9允许基因组编辑更精确,同时也提高将突变转移到各种遗传背景的效率。因此,在遗传操作难以处理的易处理生物和生物体中实现了这些优点。在这里,我们描述了我们编辑枯草芽孢杆菌细菌基因组的方法。我们的方法是高效的,导致精确,无标记的突变。此外,在产生编辑质粒之后,可以将突变快速导入几个遗传背景,大大增加可进行遗传分析的速度。

枯草芽孢杆菌是高度易处理的革兰氏阳性菌。遗传研究适用于使用多种载体通过同源重组快速有效地引入突变。尽管有许多不同的方法来引入B突变。 subtilis,每种方法都有其局限性。一种简单而简单的方法,用于在B中进行突变。枯草芽孢杆菌是基因破坏,其中将质粒整合到感兴趣的基因内(Vagner等人,1998)。主要的局限性包括:1)扰乱操纵子的极地作用的潜力; 2)引进和保留外来DNA; 3)一旦使用抗生素耐药性盒,如果在其他突变的背景下研究给定的突变,则研究者必须使用不同的盒;和4)该方法限于靶向整个基因,并且不能产生更精确的点突变。 ...

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