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Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monolaurate

Company: NACALAI TESQUE
Catalog#: 28353-85
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Phos-tag Immunoblot Analysis for Detecting IRF5 Phosphorylation
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Date:
2017-05-20
[Abstract]  While the activation of the transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) is critical for the induction of innate immune responses, it also contributes to the pathogenesis of the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). IRF5 phosphorylation is a hallmark of its activation in the Toll-like receptor (TLR) pathway, where active IRF5 induces type I interferon and proinflammatory cytokine genes. By using the phosphate-binding molecule Phos-tag, without either radioisotopes or phospho-specific antibodies, the protocol described here enables detection of the phosphorylation of both human and murine IRF5, as well as that of other proteins. [摘要]  虽然转录因子干扰素调节因子5(IRF5)的激活对于诱导先天免疫应答至关重要,但也有助于自身免疫疾病系统性红斑狼疮(SLE)的发病机制。 IRF5磷酸化是其在Toll样受体(TLR)途径中的活化的标志,其中活性IRF5诱导I型干扰素和促炎细胞因子基因。通过使用不含放射性同位素或磷酸特异性抗体的磷酸结合分子磷酸标签,本文所述的方案可以检测人和鼠IRF5以及其他蛋白质的磷酸化。

背景 在TLR-MyD88途径中,IRF5通过翻译后修饰如泛素化和磷酸化被激活,然后活性IRF5转位到细胞核中并诱导其靶基因(Takaoka等人,2005; Balkhi ,2008; Tamura等人,2008; Hayden and Ghosh,2014)。关于IRF5在SLE中的激活状态,已经报道了IRF5积累在SLE患者的单核细胞核中(Stone等人,2012)。此外,我们最近在SLE鼠模型中显示,IRF5超激活(例如,升高的磷酸化)导致SLE样疾病的发展(Ban 等人,,2016年)。因此,分析IRF5的激活状态对于研究SLE以及先天免疫应答是重要的。磷酸化是IRF5激活的核心,因为许多研究已经通过定点诱变和/或质谱法揭示了IRF5的功能性磷酸化位点(Barnes等人,2002; Lin et al。等人,2005; ...

RNase Sensitivity Screening for Nuclear Bodies with RNA Scaffolds in Mammalian Cells
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Date:
2017-04-20
[Abstract]  The mammalian cell nucleus is highly organized and contains membraneless nuclear bodies (NBs) characterized by distinct resident factors. The NBs are thought to serve as sites for biogenesis and storage of certain RNA and protein factors as well as assembly of ribonucleoprotein complexes. Some NBs are formed with architectural RNAs (arcRNAs) as their structural scaffolds and additional NBs likely remain unidentified in mammalian cells. Here, we describe an experimental protocol to search for new NBs built on certain arcRNAs. RNase-sensitive NBs were identified by monitoring nuclear foci visualized by tagging thousands of human cDNA products. [摘要]  哺乳动物细胞核高度组织,包含以不同的居民因素为特征的无膜核体(NBs)。 NB被认为是用于某些RNA和蛋白质因子的生物发生和储存的位点以及核糖核蛋白复合物的组装。 一些NB由构建的RNA(arcRNA)形成,作为它们的结构性支架,另外的NB可能在哺乳动物细胞中保持不明。 在这里,我们描述了一个实验协议来搜索建立在某些arcRNA上的新NB。 通过监测通过标记数千个人类cDNA产物可视化的核病灶来鉴定RNase敏感性NB。
【背景】哺乳动物细胞核是高度组织的,由称为核体(NB)的多个不同的亚结构组成。迄今为止,已经将15个NB鉴定为含有各种蛋白质和RNA因子的亚核膜无颗粒结构,其中许多颗粒结构用作特异性RNA,蛋白质和/或核糖核蛋白(RNP)复合物的生物发生,成熟,储存和螯合的位点Mao et al。,2011; Sleeman and Trinkle-Mulcahy,2014)(表1)。
一些NB被构建在称为结构RNA(arcRNA)的特定长非编码RNA(lncRNA)上,其定义为NB的结构核心(Chujo等,2016)。 arcRNA依赖的NB由与arcRNA相互作用的许多RNA结合蛋白组成。最显着的例子是由几种特征性RNA结合蛋白组成的寄生虫斑(Fox等,2002; ...

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