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Company: World Precision Instruments
Catalog#: 5052
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Brain-localized and Intravenous Microinjections in the Larval Zebrafish to Assess Innate Immune Response
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Date:
2021-04-05
[Abstract]  

Creating a robust and controlled infection model is imperative for studying the innate immune response. Leveraging the particular strengths of the zebrafish model system, such as optical transparency, ex utero development, and large clutch size, allows for the development of methods that yield consistent and reproducible results. We created a robust model for activation of innate immunity by microinjecting bacterial particles or live bacteria into larval zebrafish, unlike previous studies which largely restricted such manipulations to embryonic stages of zebrafish. The ability to introduce stimuli locally or systemically at larval stages provides significant advantages to examine host response in more mature tissues as well as the possibility to interrogate adaptive immunity at older

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[摘要]  [摘要]创建一个健壮和控制感染模型是势在必行用于学习的先天免疫应答。凭借特殊的斑马鱼模型系统的优势,比如光学透明性,前子宫发展,以及大离合器的尺寸,允许小号的了的,其产生方法的发展是一致和可重复的 结果。我们通过将细菌颗粒或活细菌显微注射到幼虫斑马鱼中创建了一个强大的激活先天免疫的模型,这与以前的研究在很大程度上将此类操作限制在斑马鱼的胚胎阶段不同。在幼虫阶段局部或全身引入刺激的能力提供了显着的优势,可检查更成熟组织中的宿主反应,并在较老的幼虫阶段询问适应性免疫的可能性。这个协议描述2种显微注射的不同模式以引入脂多糖(LPS)或细菌到活幼虫斑马鱼:一个本地化到的脑,和另一个为对经由尾静脉血流丛。


图形摘要:

示意性示出了两种不同的模式的幼虫斑马鱼显微注射,无论是在脑实质或在血流中静脉内。ř eagents引入斑马鱼,以评估免疫应答中作为在协议中描述的“注入组件”被描绘。

[背景]感染过程中复杂的相互作用需要使用体内动物模型来充分了解病原体与其宿主之间的动态相互作用。研究此现象需要病原体传递的受控和可靠方法。斑马鱼已被用作研究多种病原体免疫应答的模型(Menudier等,1996; Davis等,2002; Neely等,2002; Prouty等,2003; van der ...

Expression and Analysis of Flow-regulated Ion Channels in Xenopus Oocytes
Author:
Date:
2017-04-20
[Abstract]  Mechanically-gated ion channels play key roles in mechanotransduction, a process that translates physical forces into biological signals. Epithelial and endothelial cells are exposed to laminar shear stress (LSS), a tangential force exerted by flowing fluids against the wall of vessels and epithelia. The protocol outlined herein has been used to examine the response of ion channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes to LSS (Hoger et al., 2002; Carattino et al., 2004; Shi et al., 2006). The Xenopus oocyte is a reliable system that allows for the expression and chemical modification of ion channels and regulatory proteins (George et al., 1989; Palmer et al., 1990; Sheng et al., 2001; Carattino et al., 2003). ... [摘要]  机械门控离子通道在机械传导中起关键作用,这是将物理力量转化为生物信号的过程。 上皮细胞和内皮细胞暴露于层流剪切应力(LSS),这是通过流体流向血管壁和上皮细胞壁所施加的切向力。 本文概述的方案已用于检查在非洲爪蟾卵母细胞中表达的离子通道对LSS的反应(Hoger等,2002; Carattino等,2004; Shi等,2006)。 非洲爪蟾卵母细胞是允许离子通道和调节蛋白的表达和化学修饰的可靠系统(George等,1989; Palmer等,1990; Sheng等,2001; Carattino等,2003)。 因此,该技术适用于研究允许流激活通道响应LSS的分子机制。
【背景】排列血管的泌尿道和内皮细胞的上皮细胞经受移动流体引起的机械力。这些力是层流剪切应力(LSS),与管状结构壁相切的摩擦力,以及垂直于流动方向的周向拉伸。令人信服的证据表明,LSS是响应肾和血管管状结构的流动变化而观察到的生理反应的主要决定因素(Satlin等,2001; Liu等,2003; Weinbaum等,2010) 。在这些设置中,离子通道具有将流体剪切应力传递到生物信号中的重要作用(Ranade等,2015)。例如,在肾的远端肾单位中,Na +再吸收和K ...

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