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Serological pipettes25 ml

Company: SARSTEDT
Catalog#: 86.1685.001
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Ex vivo Assessment of Mitochondrial Function in Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells Using XF Analyzer
Author:
Date:
2021-04-05
[Abstract]  

Cellular health and function, as we know today, depend on a large extent on mitochondrial function. The essential function of mitochondria is the energy production, more precisely ATP production, via oxidative phosphorylation. Mitochondrial energy production parameters therefore represent important biomarkers. Studies on human cells have mainly been performed on in vitro cell cultures. However, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are particularly suitable for such examinations. That’s why this protocol describes a method to measure key parameters of mitochondrial function in freshly isolated PBMCs with the latest technology, the XF Analyzer. For this ex vivo approach PBMCs are first isolated out of human anticoagulated blood. Next, they are attached to the surface of special

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[摘要]  [摘要]正如我们今天所知,细胞的健康和功能在很大程度上取决于线粒体的功能。线粒体的基本功能是ENER GY生产,更精确的LY ATP生产,通过氧化磷酸化。因此,线粒体能量产生参数代表重要的生物标记。对人类细胞的研究主要是在体外细胞培养中进行的。然而,外周血单核细胞(PBMC)是特别升ý适于这样的检查。这就是为什么这个协议描述测量与最新的技术,新鲜分离的PBMC线粒体功能的关键参数的方法的XF分析。对于这个离体PBMC首先是从人抗凝血液中分离出来的。接下来,将它们附着到预先涂有Poly-D-Lysine的特殊微孔板的表面上。期间的氧消耗速率(OCR)以及细胞外酸化率(ECAR)的应力试剂寡,羰氰化物随后的测量4 - (三氟甲氧基)苯腙(FCCP),鱼藤酮和抗霉素A被注入。可以从获得的结果中计算出几个线粒体参数。该协议的应用允许分析对人体细胞的各种影响,例如药物或环境因素。


[背景]线粒体在维持正常细胞功能中起关键作用。现在众所周知,它们不仅通过氧化磷酸化产生ATP,而且还参与氨基酸,脂质和核苷酸的代谢,潜水信号转导和氧化还原过程以及质量控制和降解过程,包括线粒体和磷酸化。细胞凋亡(Pfanner等,2019)。然而,线粒体代表正常细胞中ATP合成的主要位点(Akbari等人,2019)。为此,通过多亚基酶复合物I – ...

Polyamine Transport Assay Using Reconstituted Yeast Membranes
Author:
Date:
2021-01-20
[Abstract]  

ATP13A2/PARK9 is a late endo-/lysosomal P5B transport ATPase that is associated with several neurodegenerative disorders. We recently characterized ATP13A2 as a lysosomal polyamine exporter, which sheds light on the molecular identity of the unknown mammalian polyamine transport system. Here, we describe step by step a protocol to measure radiolabeled polyamine transport in reconstituted vesicles from yeast cells overexpressing human ATP13A2. This protocol was developed as part of our recent publication (van Veen et al., 2020) and will be useful for characterizing the transport function of other putative polyamine transporters, such as isoforms of the P5B transport ATPases.

[摘要]  [摘要] ATP13A2 / PARK9是一种晚期内/溶酶体P5B转运ATPase,与多种神经退行性疾病有关。我们最近将ATP13A2表征为溶酶体多胺出口者,这为未知的哺乳动物多胺转运系统的分子身份提供了线索。在这里,我们逐步描述了从过量表达人ATP13A2的酵母细胞中测量重组囊泡中放射性标记的多胺转运的方案。该方案是我们最新出版物的一部分(van Veen等,2020),将有助于表征其他假定的多胺转运蛋白的转运功能,例如P5B转运ATPase的同工型。


[背景] ATP13A2 / PARK9编码一种普遍表达的晚期内-/溶酶体膜蛋白,与一系列神经退行性疾病有关,例如早发性帕金森氏病(Di Fonzo等,2007 ;Lin等,2008)和Kufor -Rakeb综合征(伴痴呆的早期帕金森病)(Ramirez等,2006 ;Park等,2011)。ATP13A2属于P型转运ATPase ,是一类活性转运蛋白,由于ATP水解而暂时形成磷酸中间产物(Kuhlbrandt ,2004年)。ATP13A2是P5亚家族的成员,该家族已在20多年前通过基因组测序鉴定出来(Axelsen和Palmgren ...

Isolation of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stromal Cells by Ultracentrifugation
Author:
Date:
2020-12-20
[Abstract]  Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of membranous vesicles that differ on their biogenesis and release pathways, such as exosomes, microvesicles and apoptotic bodies. They are involved in cell-to-cell communication delivering signal molecules (proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, etc.) that can regulate different physiological processes, as well as the development and progression of several diseases. There are different methods and commercial kits to isolate EVs and depending on the methodology one could obtain EVs with different degrees of efficiency, purity and it can be more or less time-consuming. Then, the choice has to be according to the different advantages and disadvantages, and their use for downstream applications. Here, we describe the EVs isolation ... [摘要]  [摘要]细胞外囊泡(EV多个),关于它们的生物合成和释放途径不同膜囊泡的一组异质小号,诸如外来体,微泡和凋亡小体。它们参与细胞间传递信号的信号分子(蛋白质,核酸,脂质等),这些信号分子可调节不同的生理过程以及几种疾病的发生和发展。分离电动汽车有不同的方法和商业工具包,根据方法学的不同,人们可以获得具有不同程度的效率,纯度的电动汽车,这或多或少会耗时。然后,必须根据不同的优缺点及其在下游应用中的用途进行选择。在这里,我们描述了通过超速离心从间充质基质细胞分离电动汽车的方法。可以使用通用培养基和缓冲液进行电动汽车隔离,并且仅需要分析型超速离心机即可。此外,该方法可用于获得电动车的大量再现性良好发展体外和体内实验,研究它们的生物学作用小号。


[背景]间充质干细胞(MSCs)对不同疾病的进展具有保护作用,有助于免疫调节和炎症状态(Bartholomew等,2002; Togel等,2005; Azmi等,2013; Ebrahimi等人,2013; Ben-Ami等人,2014)。它们的保护作用不仅归因于它们的转分化作用,还归因于它们的旁分泌机制,例如释放出具有免疫调节,抗炎,抗凋亡和促血管生成功能的细胞外小泡(EV)(Bruno等,2009; Camussi等)。 。,2010一个;农庄。等人,2020) ...

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