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BRAND® microcentrifuge tube, 1.5 mL with lid, PP

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: Z336769
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Isolation of Chromatin-bound Proteins from Subcellular Fractions for Biochemical Analysis
Author:
Date:
2018-10-05
[Abstract]  Shuttling of proteins between different cellular compartments controls their proteostasis and can contribute in some cases to regulate their activity. Biochemical analysis of chromatin-bound proteins, such as transcription factors, is often difficult because of their low yield and due to the interference from nucleic acids. This protocol describes a method to efficiently fractionate cells combined with a mechanical (i.e., sonication) or an enzymatic treatment (i.e., benzonase) that facilitates analysis of chromatin-bound protein extracts by Western blot analysis or by protein pull-down assays. This approach can be valuable to enrich a particular protein within a particular subcellular fraction either to study specific post-translational modification patterns or to ... [摘要]  在不同细胞区室之间穿梭蛋白质控制它们的蛋白质稳态,并且在某些情况下可以有助于调节它们的活性。 染色质结合蛋白(例如转录因子)的生化分析通常是困难的,因为它们的产率低并且由于核酸的干扰。 该协议描述了一种有效分离细胞的方法,结合机械(即,超声处理)或酶处理(即,benzonase),有助于分析染色质结合蛋白提取物 通过蛋白质印迹分析或蛋白质下拉分析。 该方法对于富集特定亚细胞级分内的特定蛋白质以研究特定的翻译后修饰模式或鉴定特定的蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用可能是有价值的。
【背景】许多染色质结合蛋白的活性和翻译后调节研究很少,因为在分离它们进行生化分析时存在技术困难。这甚至是转录因子的情况,例如基本的螺旋 - 环 - 螺旋(bHLH)转录因子,其通常在组织或细胞模型中具有稀缺的时间和空间表达模式(Dennis 等。,2018)。当生物材料的量成为研究分子途径的障碍时,协议细化有助于解除技术限制(Gillotin和Guillemot,2016)。在我们最近的研究中,我们努力了解神经元bHLH转录因子Ascl1的蛋白水解是如何在神经元分化的细胞模型中调节的(Gillotin et ...

Plant Assays for Quantifying Ralstonia solanacearum Virulence
Author:
Date:
2018-09-20
[Abstract]  Virulence assays are powerful tools to study microbial pathogenesis in vivo. Good assays track disease development and, coupled with targeted mutagenesis, can identify pathogen virulence factors. Disease development in plants is extremely sensitive to environmental factors such as temperature, atmospheric humidity, and soil water level, so it can be challenging to standardize conditions to achieve consistent results. Here, we present optimized and validated experimental conditions and analysis methods for nine assays that measure specific aspects of virulence in the phytopathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum, using tomato as the model host plant. [摘要]  毒力测定是研究体内微生物发病机制的有力工具。 良好的分析跟踪疾病发展,并结合定向诱变,可以识别病原体毒力因子。 植物的疾病发展对环境因素如温度,大气湿度和土壤水位极其敏感,因此标准化条件以获得一致的结果可能具有挑战性。 在这里,我们提出优化和验证的实验条件和分析方法的九个测定,测量植物病原细菌 Ralstonia solanacearum 的毒力的特定方面,使用番茄作为模型宿主植物。

【背景】 Ralstonia solanacearum 是一种土壤传播的细菌,在广泛的植物中引起细菌枯萎,并继续感染全球的新宿主(Hayward,1991; Elphinstone,2005; Wicker et al。 ,2007; Genin,2010; Weibel et al。,2016)。结果, R. solanacearum 是研究最深入的植物致病菌之一(Mansfield et al。,2012)。

R上。 solanacearum 可以长期存在于土壤或水库中(Alvarez et ...

Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase Mediated Production of Labeled Probes for Single-molecule FISH or RNA Capture
Author:
Date:
2018-03-05
[Abstract]  Arrays of short, singly-labeled ssDNA oligonucleotides enable in situ hybridization with single molecule sensitivity and efficient transcript specific RNA capture. Here, we describe a simple, enzymatic protocol that can be carried out using basic laboratory equipment to convert arrays of PCR oligos into smFISH and RAP probesets in a quantitative, cost-efficient and flexible way. [摘要]  短的,单标记的ssDNA寡核苷酸阵列使得能够与单分子灵敏度和有效的转录物特异性RNA捕获进行原位杂交。 在这里,我们描述了一个简单的酶促协议,可以使用基本的实验室设备将PCR寡核苷酸阵列以定量,成本高效和灵活的方式转换为smFISH和RAP探针组。

【背景】合成来源的多个单标记的短寡核苷酸的使用极大地改进了对特异性转录物的高特异性和单分子灵敏度的检测(Femino等人,1998; Raj等人。,2008)。这种探针分子与经典使用的长核酸探针相比具有改进的穿透性并且需要更温和的杂交条件,从而更好地保存标本的结构(例如,Little等人 >,2015,Gaspar 等,2017a)。由于在该设计中多个寡核苷酸 - 通常24-96-靶向相同转录物的不同部分,因此在非特异性背景上在特异性靶分子上发生信号累积,这与由长的多标记探针产生的相等信号相反(Raj ,2008)。此外,由于单个短探针的标记是定量的 - 与长探针的随机标记相反 - ...

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