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NotI

Company: New England Biolabs
Catalog#: R0189
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Random Insertional Mutagenesis of a Serotype 2 Dengue Virus Clone
Author:
Date:
2018-08-20
[Abstract]  Protein tagging is a powerful method of investigating protein function. However, modifying positive-strand RNA virus proteins in the context of viral infection can be particularly difficult as their compact genomes and multifunctional proteins mean even small changes can inactivate or attenuate the virus. Although targeted approaches to functionally tag viral proteins have been successful, these approaches are time consuming and inefficient. A strategy that has been successfully applied to several RNA viruses is whole-genome transposon insertional mutagenesis. A library of viral genomes, each containing a single randomly placed small insertion, is selected by passaging in cell culture and the insertion sites can be identified using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Here we describe a ... [摘要]  蛋白质标记是研究蛋白质功能的有效方法。然而,在病毒感染的情况下修饰正链RNA病毒蛋白可能特别困难,因为它们的紧密基因组和多功能蛋白意味着即使很小的变化也可以使病毒失活或减弱。尽管功能性标记病毒蛋白的靶向方法已经成功,但这些方法耗时且效率低。已经成功应用于几种RNA病毒的策略是全基因组转座子插入诱变。通过细胞培养中的传代选择病毒基因组文库,每个文库含有单个随机放置的小插入,并且可以使用下一代测序(NGS)鉴定插入位点。在这里,我们描述了用于登革病毒16681株血清型2的转座子诱变的方案。含有短随机放置插入物的突变登革病毒文库通过哺乳动物细胞传代,插入由有活力后代的NGS定位。该方案分为四个阶段:登革热cDNA克隆的转座子诱变,病毒基因组转染到允许细胞,分离病毒后代基因组和测序文库制备。

【背景】 ...

Measurement of RNA-induced PKR Activation in vitro
Author:
Date:
2017-03-20
[Abstract]  Protein kinase R (PKR) is one of the key RNA-activated sensors for innate immunity. PKR is activated by pathogenic or aberrant RNAs such as short double-stranded RNAs or those with imperfect secondary structures, as well as a reduction in the amount and number of RNA modifications. Activation of PKR may be an underlying mechanism for the pathogenesis of human diseases. In this protocol, I describe a method for studying levels of RNA-induced PKR activation in vitro. [摘要]  蛋白激酶R(PKR)是先天免疫的核心RNA激活传感器之一。 PKR由致病性或异常RNA如短双链RNA或具有不完全二级结构的RNA激活,以及RNA修饰的量和数量的减少。 PKR的激活可能是人类疾病发病机制的潜在机制。在本协议中,我描述了一种在体外研究RNA诱导的PKR激活水平的方法。

背景 PKR是四种哺乳动物激酶之一,其响应于应激信号磷酸化真核起始因子2-α亚基(eIF2α)。 PKR主要是响应于病毒感染而激活(Holcik和Sonenberg,2005)。 PKR是识别和结合病原RNA的先天免疫的关键组成部分。 RNA与PKR的相互作用促进并稳定其二聚化。然后PKR经历自身磷酸化,随后磷酸化eIF2α以切断一般翻译,同时激活下游信号级联,包括增加的ATF4应激反应转录因子的翻译(Hinnebusch,2005)。
 已知PKR被短双链RNA激活(Manche等人,1992; Zheng和Bevilacqua,2004)以及具有一些不完全二级结构的RNA,例如发夹环(Bevilacqua 等人,1998)。此外,RNA生物发生缺陷,包括较低水平的m ...

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