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Hydrochloric acid

Company: Sinopharm Chemical Reagent
Catalog#: 10011018
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Glycogen and Extracellular Glucose Estimation from Cyanobacteria Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803
Author:
Date:
2018-05-05
[Abstract]  Cyanobacteria, which have the extraordinary ability to grow using sunlight and carbon dioxide, are emerging as a green host to produce value-added products. Exploitation of this highly promising host to make products may depend on the ability to modulate the glucose metabolic pathway; it is the key metabolic pathway that generates intermediates that feed many industrially important pathways. Thus, before cyanobacteria can be considered as a leading source to produce value-added products, we must understand the interaction between glucose metabolism and other important cellular activities such as photosynthesis and chlorophyll metabolism. Here we describe reproducible and reliable methods for measuring extracellular glucose and glycogen levels from cyanobacteria. [摘要]  具有使用阳光和二氧化碳生长的非凡能力的蓝细菌正在成为生产高附加值产品的绿色主机。 利用这种非常有希望的宿主来制造产品可能取决于调节葡萄糖代谢途径的能力; 它是产生中间产物的关键代谢途径,这些中间产物为许多工业上重要的途径提供了饲料。 因此,在蓝藻被认为是生产增值产品的主要来源之前,我们必须了解葡萄糖代谢与其他重要细胞活动如光合作用和叶绿素代谢之间的相互作用。 在这里我们描述了测量蓝细菌细胞外葡萄糖和糖原水平的可重复和可靠的方法。

【背景】蓝藻在自然栖息地有一个明暗周期。有鉴于此,他们的新陈代谢主要集中在光合作用,卡尔文循环,糖酵解和TCA循环中,同时进行N-同化;碳以糖原形式储存。在黑暗中,糖原通过糖酵解和氧化磷酸戊糖(OPP)途径,TCA循环的氧化和还原分支以及C4循环代谢(Nagarajan et al。,2014)。因此,从黑暗转变为光照或光照转变为黑暗推动了代谢重新编程。

在实验室中,向培养基中添加葡萄糖也会影响蓝藻的代谢程序。例如,营养和环境条件影响蓝藻集胞藻如何代谢葡萄糖;在光合自养,异养和混合营养条件下,集胞藻代谢葡萄糖的方式不同。先前的研究报道,一些菌株的集胞藻是轻度依赖的并且耐受葡萄糖(Anderson和McIntosh,1991)。光激活异养生长(LAHG)条件的特征在于存在葡萄糖并且在黑暗中用白光或蓝光脉冲生长至少5-15分钟/天。然而,一些集胞蓝细菌葡萄糖不耐受,这意味着它们在黑暗中不能生长在葡萄糖存在下。总之,已经报道在集胞藻的培养基中加入葡萄糖会带来生理和代谢变化,如色素沉着(Ryu等人,2004),碳代谢(Lee等人,2007; ...

Expression and Purification of the GRAS Domain of Os-SCL7 from Rice for Structural Studies
Author:
Date:
2017-02-05
[Abstract]  GRAS proteins, named after the first three members GAI, RGA and SRC, has been found in 294 embryophyta species and is represented by 1,035 sequences. They belong to a plant-specific protein family and play essential roles in plant growth and development. Proteins in this family are defined as minimally containing a conserved GRAS domain, which is about 350-450 resides and can be subdivided into five distinct motifs with their name derived from the most prominent amino acids: LRI (leucine-rich region I), VHIID, LRII (leucine-rich region II), PFYRE and SAW and mainly function in the interaction between GRAS proteins and their partners (Sun et al., 2012).By phylogenetic analysis, the GRAS family can be divided into more than ten subfamilies, of which SCL4/7 is one important subgroup ... [摘要]  以前3个成员GAI,RGA和SRC命名的GRAS蛋白质已被发现在294个胚胎种,并由1,035个序列表示。它们属于植物特异性蛋白质家族,在植物生长和发育中起重要作用。该家族中的蛋白质被定义为最低限度地含有保守的GRAS结构域,其约为350-450个,并且可以细分为五个不同的基序,其名称源自最突出的氨基酸:LRI(富含亮氨酸的区域I),VHIID ,LRII(富含亮氨酸的区域II),PFYRE和SAW,并且主要在GRAS蛋白质与其配偶体之间的相互作用中起作用(Sun等人,2012)。通过系统发育分析,GRAS家族可以分为十多个亚科,其中SCL4 / 7是一个重要的亚组,对应对环境压力有作用。这里我们描述了Os-SCL7(水稻SCL4 / 7成员)的GRAS结构域的表达和纯化的详细方案,使我们能够使其结晶并确定其结构。

背景 GRAS蛋白是一个大家族,在植物发育和信号转导中起重要作用。结果表明,一些家庭成员如DELLAs起到GA响应植物生长的抑制作用,是GA信号通路(Murase等人,2008)中的关键调控目标,NSP1和NSP2起重要作用在调节结瘤发育和信号传导(Kaló等人,2005)中,蛋白质SCR和SHR一起在控制根和芽的径向图案中起重要作用(Helariutta et ...

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