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Disodium Molybdate(VI) Dihydrate

Disodium Molybdate(VI) Dihydrate

Company: Wako Pure Chemical Industries
Catalog#: 196-02472
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Evaluation of the Condition of Respiration and Photosynthesis by Measuring Chlorophyll Fluorescence in Cyanobacteria
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Date:
2018-05-05
[Abstract]  Chlorophyll fluorescence measurements have been widely used to monitor the condition of photosynthesis. Furthermore, chlorophyll fluorescence from cyanobacteria reflects the condition of respiration, since cyanobacterial photosynthesis shares several components of electron transport chain with respiration. This protocol presents the method to monitor the condition of both photosynthesis and respiration in cyanobacteria simply by measuring chlorophyll fluorescence in the dark and in the light with pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) chlorophyll fluorometer. [摘要]  叶绿素荧光测量已被广泛用于监测光合作用的状况。 此外,蓝细菌的叶绿素荧光反映了呼吸的状况,因为蓝藻光合作用与呼吸作用共享电子传递链的几个组成部分。 该协议提供了监测蓝藻光合作用和呼吸作用的方法,只需通过测量黑暗和光照下的叶绿素荧光以及脉冲幅度调制(PAM)叶绿素荧光计。

【背景】叶绿素荧光测量已广泛用于监测许多光合生物体的光合作用条件(Krause和Weis,1991; Govindjee,1995)。在蓝细菌的情况下,光合原核生物,叶绿素荧光不仅受光合作用条件的影响,而且还受其他代谢途径的影响,这是由于细胞内代谢途径之间的可能相互作用。特别是,光合作用和呼吸作用共享电子传递链的几个组成部分,如蓝细菌中的质体醌(PQ)(Aoki and Katoh,1982; Peschek and Schmetterer,1982)。 PQ池的氧化还原状态通过调节状态转变影响叶绿素荧光的产量(Mullineaux和Allen,1986; Mullineaux等人,1997),其是非天然存在的主要组分,蓝藻中的光化学猝灭(Campbell和Öquist,1996)。因此,蓝藻呼吸链直接影响叶绿素荧光,特别是在光合作用不活跃的黑暗中。

由于呼吸的影响,应谨慎测量叶绿素荧光以精确估计蓝藻中的光合作用(Ogawa et ...

Incubation of Cyanobacteria under Dark, Anaerobic Conditions and Quantification of the Excreted Organic Acids by HPLC
Author:
Date:
2017-05-05
[Abstract]  Succinate and lactate are commodity chemicals used for producing bioplastics. Recently, it was found that such organic acids are excreted from cells of the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 under dark, anaerobic conditions. To conduct the dark, anaerobic incubation, cells were concentrated within a vial that was then sealed with a butyl rubber cap, following which N2 gas was introduced into the vial. The organic acids produced were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography via post-labeling with bromothymol blue as a pH indicator. After separation by ion-exclusion chromatography, the organic acids were identified by comparing their retention time with that of standard solutions. These procedures allow researchers to quantify the organic ... [摘要]  琥珀酸盐和乳酸盐是用于生产生物塑料的商品化学品。最近发现这样的有机酸从单细胞蓝细菌集胞藻的细胞中排出。 PCC 6803在黑暗,无氧条件下。为了进行黑暗的厌氧培养,将细胞浓缩在小瓶内,然后用丁基橡胶帽密封,随后将N 2气体引入小瓶中。通过用溴百里酚蓝作为pH指示剂的后标记,通过高效液相色谱定量产生的有机酸。通过离子排阻色谱分离后,通过将其保留时间与标准溶液的保留时间进行比较来鉴定有机酸。这些程序允许研究人员量化微生物产生的有机酸,有助于蓝藻生物学和生物技术的知识。

背景 蓝细菌是一组进行氧合光合作用的细菌。集胞藻 sp。 PCC 6803(以下称为集胞藻6803)是非固氮,单细胞蓝细菌,通常用于基础和应用研究。集胞藻6803细胞能够在黑暗和厌氧条件下分泌有机酸,如琥珀酸盐和乳酸盐(Osanai等,2015)。培养条件的遗传操作和修饰,例如添加钾或NaHCO 3,成功地提高了从集胞藻6803细胞排出的有机酸的水平(Osanai >等人,2015; Hasunuma等人,2016; Iijima等人,2016; Ueda等人。 ...

Measurement of ATP Hydrolytic Activity of Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase from Arabidopsis thaliana Leaves
Author:
Date:
2016-12-05
[Abstract]  Plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase, which is a P-type ATPase, couples ATP hydrolysis to H+ extrusion and thereby generates an electrochemical gradient across the plasma membrane. The proton gradient is necessary for secondary transport, cell elongation, and membrane potential maintenance. Here we describe a protocol for measurement of the ATP hydrolytic activity of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase from Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. [摘要]  作为P型ATP酶的植物质膜H sup + -ATPase将ATP水解耦合到H + +/- 挤出,从而在质膜上产生电化学梯度。质子梯度对于二次转运,细胞伸长和膜电位维持是必需的。这里我们描述用于测量来自拟南芥叶片的质膜H + -ATPase的ATP水解活性的方案。
关键词: strong> 拟南芥,ATP水解活性,原钒酸盐,P-型ATP酶,血浆膜H + -ATPase

质膜H + -ATPase活性的测定对于阐明其功能和调节机制是重要的。然而,有时难以确定质膜H sup + -ATP酶的ATP水解活性,因为植物细胞含有许多ATP水解酶。该协议是基于Uemura和Yoshida(1986)和Kinoshita等人的出版物开发的。 (1995)。我们使用KNO 3作为V型ATP酶的抑制剂,钼酸铵作为酸性磷酸酶的抑制剂,寡霉素作为F型ATP酶的抑制剂,NaF作为磷酸酶的抑制剂(Shimazaki和Kondo ,1987; Kinoshita等人,1995)。原钒酸盐抑制P型ATP酶,并且因此可以通过评估来自ATP水解的钒酸盐敏感性P 1释放来用于测量质膜H sup + -ATP酶的活性。释放的P 1与钼酸盐反应形成蓝色络合物,然后可以通过测量在750nm的吸收来量化。

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