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Monosodium glutamate

Monosodium glutamate

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: 1446600
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Measurement of Intracellular Calcium Concentration in Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Author:
Date:
2016-12-05
[Abstract]  Characterization of the molecular mechanisms of calcium (Ca2+) regulation of bacterial physiology and virulence requires tools enabling measuring and monitoring the intracellular levels of free calcium (Ca2+in). Here, we describe a protocol optimized to use a recombinantly expressed Ca2+-binding protein, aequorin, for detecting Ca2+in in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Upon binding to free Ca2+, aequorin undergoes chromophore oxidation and emits light, the log of which intensity linearly correlates with the amount of bound Ca2+, and therefore, can be used to measure the concentration of free Ca2+ available for binding. This protocol involves the introduction of the aequorin gene into P. ... [摘要]  钙的分子机制的表征(Ca 2+ 2+)调节细菌生理学和毒力需要能够测量和监测游离钙的细胞内水平的工具(Ca 2+ 2+ in )。在这里,我们描述了优化使用重组表达的Ca 2+ 2+结合蛋白水母发光蛋白的方案,用于检测 em>铜绿假单胞菌 。在结合游离Ca 2+ 2+时,水母发光蛋白经历发色团氧化并发射光,其强度与结合的Ca 2+ 2+的量线性相关,因此,可以可用于测量可用于结合的游离Ca 2+的浓度。该方案包括将水母发光蛋白基因导入em。铜绿假单胞菌,诱导脱辅基水母发光蛋白产生,用其发色团重建全酶并监测其发光。该方案允许在体内响应于各种刺激连续测量Ca <2> 浓度。 关键词:/strong>细胞内钙,调节,水母发光,发光,腔肠素,绿脓杆菌 [背景] Ca 2 + 调节P的生理学和毒力。铜绿假单胞菌(Guragain等人,2013; Patrauchan等人,2005; Sarkisova等人,2014),然而,Ca 2 + 调节的分子机制尚不清楚。为了表征这些机制,非常重要的是不仅测量Ca 2+中的Ca 2+的浓度([Ca 2+] + ]),但监测其响应各种刺激的变化。考虑到细胞生理学中的甚至微小的改变,[Ca 2 + ]可能改变(综述于[Dominguez等人, ]),测量[Ca 2+ 2+]需要特异性识别Ca ...

Pyocyanin Extraction and Quantitative Analysis in Swarming Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Author:
Date:
2016-12-05
[Abstract]  This protocol describes the quantification of pyocyanin extracted from swarming colonies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pyocyanin is a secondary metabolite and a major virulence factor, whose production is inducible and varies highly under different growth conditions. The protocol is based on the earlier developed chloroform/HCl extraction of pyocyanin from liquid cultures (Frank and Demoss, 1959). Swarming colonies together with the agar they occupy are split into two halves. Pyocyanin is extracted from one of them. Cells are collected from the other half and used to quantify total protein yield and normalize the estimated corresponding pyocyanin quantities. [摘要]  该方案描述了从绿脓假单胞菌的群体群体提取的绿脓素的定量。绿脓素是次级代谢产物和主要毒力因子,其生产是可诱导的并且在不同生长条件下高度变化。该方案基于早先开发的氯仿/HCl从液体培养物中提取绿脓素(Frank和Demoss,1959)。聚集的菌落与它们所占据的琼脂一起分成两半。从它们之一提取绿脓菌素。从另一半收集细胞并用于定量总蛋白质产量并使估计的相应的绿脓素量标准化。
关键字:绿靛,Swarming,铜绿色,氯仿提取,毒力因子,运动性

[背景] 绿脓菌素是一种由人类病原体产生的蓝色氧化还原活性吩嗪色素。铜绿。绿脓菌素大量存在于感染有P的囊性纤维化患者的痰液中。 (Wilson等人,1988),并在病原体的毒力中起重要作用(Lau等人,2004)。绿脓菌素产生通过群体感应来调节,其涉及调节毒力基因的表达的信号分子的细胞密度依赖性合成(Fuqua等人,2001)。群集是响应于多种环境信号并使得细胞在半固体表面上的运动和宿主组织的建群而形成的复杂的共同行为。我们早先的观察表明,在液体培养物中的绿脓素生产。铜绿色与群体中的群体显着不同,可能是由于群体感应调节。因此,我们开发了一个协议,允许提取和定量的绿脓菌分泌的细胞成周围的琼脂分泌。所获得的量通过从群集细胞提取的总细胞蛋白质归一化。该方案不同于从固体琼脂表面(De ...

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