| Protocol for the Isolation and Super-resolution dSTORM Imaging of RyR2 in Cardiac Myocytes
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Author:
Date:
2018-08-05
[Abstract] Since its inception, super-resolution microscopy has played an increasingly important role in the discovery and characterization of nanoscale biological structure. dSTORM, which is one of the most commonly applied methods, relies on stochastic photoswitching of fluorophores to recreate a super-resolution image. The cardiac field has particularly benefitted from the application of this technique, as it has enabled sub-diffraction-limit visualization of calcium release units (CRUs) and the fundamental structures that trigger contraction. Acquisition of such images requires careful, reproducible sample preparation, and consistent imaging conditions maintained for the duration of the experiment. Here we present standardized methods for the production of dSTORM images of the Ca2+ ...
[摘要] 自成立以来，超分辨率显微镜在纳米级生物结构的发现和表征中发挥着越来越重要的作用。 dSTORM是最常用的方法之一，它依赖于荧光团的随机光切换来重建超分辨率图像。心脏场特别受益于该技术的应用，因为它已经实现了钙释放单元（CRU）的子衍射极限可视化和触发收缩的基本结构。获取这些图像需要仔细，可重复的样品制备，并且在实验期间保持一致的成像条件。在这里，我们提出了生产心肌细胞中Ca 2 + 释放通道Ryanodine Receptor type-2（RyR2）的dSTORM图像的标准化方法。所提出的方案特别关注涉及原发性心肌细胞分离，样品制备和成像的步骤，其中提供了针对实验溶液和显微镜设置的细节。本讨论之后是各种分析技术的概述，以识别集群和CRU中的RyR2组织
【背景】近年来，超分辨率显微镜的普及率迅速提高。已经描述了各种超分辨率技术，其使光学分辨率远低于光的衍射极限，在某些情况下接近可通过电子显微镜获得的光学分辨率。总之，这些技术的出现导致了纳米级生物结构，结构域和蛋白质相互作用的新研究的爆炸式增长。一种流行的超分辨率技术是直接随机光学显微镜（dSTORM），与标准共聚焦显微镜相比，它将相对简单的样品处理的优势与分辨率提高了约10倍（van de Linde ...
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| Generation of Tumour-stroma Minispheroids for Drug Efficacy Testing
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Author:
Date:
2017-01-05
[Abstract] The three-dimensional organisation of cells in a tissue and their interaction with adjacent cells and extracellular matrix is a key determinant of cellular responses, including how tumour cells respond to stress conditions or therapeutic drugs (Elliott and Yuan, 2011). In vivo, tumour cells are embedded in a stroma formed primarily by fibroblasts that produce an extracellular matrix and enwoven with blood vessels. The 3D mixed cell type spheroid model described here incorporates these key features of the tissue microenvironment that in vivo tumours exist in; namely the three-dimensional organisation, the most abundant stromal cell types (fibroblasts and endothelial cells), and extracellular matrix. This method combined with confocal microscopy can be a powerful tool to ...
[摘要] 组织中细胞的三维组织及其与相邻细胞和细胞外基质的相互作用是细胞反应的关键决定因素，包括肿瘤细胞如何对应激条件或治疗药物的反应（Elliott和Yuan，2011）。在体内，肿瘤细胞被包埋在主要由成纤维细胞形成的基质中，所述成纤维细胞产生细胞外基质并用血管编织。这里描述的3D混合细胞类型球体模型包括了体内存在肿瘤的组织微环境的这些关键特征;即三维组织，最丰富的基质细胞类型（成纤维细胞和内皮细胞）和细胞外基质。该方法结合共聚焦显微镜可以成为不同肿瘤类型的药物敏感性，血管生成和细胞迁移/侵袭测定的有力工具。
背景 传统的单层细胞培养（二维）强化人造环境，其与体内存在的组织细胞大不相同。最重要的区别之一是在单层培养物中，细胞是极化的，即，面向培养物的细胞表面和暴露于培养基的上细胞表面完全不同，经常反对的信号（Fitzgerald等人，2015）。为了解决细胞极化的问题，肿瘤球状体培养越来越多地用于癌症研究。肿瘤球体可以通过减少其通常发生在单层培养物中的生长培养基的扩散和稀释，通过细胞因子和趋化因子复制存在于组织中的三维细胞 - 细胞相互作用和一定程度的旁分泌信号传导（Lawlor等，2002; ...
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