| Analysis of Mitochondrial Transfer in Direct Co-cultures of Human Monocyte-derived Macrophages (MDM) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSC)
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Author:
Date:
2017-05-05
[Abstract] Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC) are adult stem cells which have been shown to improve survival, enhance bacterial clearance and alleviate inflammation in pre-clinical models of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and sepsis. These diseases are characterised by uncontrolled inflammation often underpinned by bacterial infection. The mechanisms of MSC immunomodulatory effects are not fully understood yet. We sought to investigate MSC cell contact-dependent communication with alveolar macrophages (AM), professional phagocytes which play an important role in the lung inflammatory responses and anti-bacterial defence. With the use of a basic direct co-culture system, confocal microscopy and flow cytometry we visualised and effectively quantified MSC mitochondrial transfer to AM ...
[摘要] 间充质干/基质细胞（MSC）是成年干细胞，已被证明可以改善急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS）和败血症临床前模型中的存活，增强细菌清除和减轻炎症。这些疾病的特征在于通常受细菌感染支持的不受控制的炎症。 MSC免疫调节作用的机制尚未完全了解。我们试图研究与肺泡巨噬细胞（AM），在肺炎症反应和抗菌防御中起重要作用的专业吞噬细胞的MSC细胞接触依赖性通信。通过使用基本的直接共培养系统，共聚焦显微镜和流式细胞术，我们通过隧道纳米管（TNT）显现并有效量化了MSC线粒体转移到AM。为了模拟人类AM，在粒细胞巨噬细胞集落刺激因子（GM-CSF）存在下，从人供体血液中分离原代单核细胞并分化成巨噬细胞（单核细胞衍生的巨噬细胞，MDM），从而允许适应AM样表型（de Almeida等人，2000; Guilliams等人，2013）。人骨髓衍生的MSC用线粒体特异性荧光染色标记，广泛洗涤，以1:20（MSC / ...
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| Haustorium Induction Assay of the Parasitic Plant Phtheirospermum japonicum
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Author:
Date:
2017-05-05
[Abstract] Phtheirospermum japonicum is a facultative root parasitic plant in the Orobanchaceae family used as a model parasitic plant. Facultative root parasites form an invasive organ called haustorium on the lateral parts of their roots. To functionally characterize parasitic abilities, quantification of haustorium numbers is required. However, this task is quite laborious and time consuming. Here we describe an efficient protocol to induce haustorium in vitro by haustorium-inducing chemicals and host root exudate treatments in P. japonicum.
[摘要] Phtheirospermum japonicum 是用作模型寄生植物的Orobanchaceae科的兼性根寄生植物。兼性根寄生虫在其根部的侧面部分形成称为吸管的侵入性器官。为了在功能上表征寄生能力，需要量化痰液数量。然而，这项任务是非常费力和耗时的。在这里，我们描述了一种有效的方案，通过引诱化学药物和宿主根系渗出物处理在体外诱导体外释放。血吸虫。
背景 寄生植物已经演变成从其他植物获得营养。一些寄生植物通过感染商业作物对农业造成重大损害（Spallek等人，2013）。有义务的寄生植物需要宿主完成其生命周期，而兼性寄生植物可以在没有宿主作为自养生物体的情况下存活，但如果宿主植物在附近则通过感染转移到异养（Westwood等人，2010）。所有寄生植物的共同特征是称为ium a的专门器官，其通过建立血管桥连接寄生虫与宿主（Saucet和Shirasu，2016; ...
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| Isolation of THY1+ Undifferentiated Spermatogonia from Mouse Postnatal Testes Using Magnetic-activated Cell Sorting (MACS)
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Author:
Date:
2016-12-20
[Abstract] In mammals, homeostasis of many tissues rely on a subpopulation of cells, referred to as stem cells, to sustain an appropriate number of undifferentiated and differentiated cells. Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) provide the fundamental cellular source for spermatogenesis and are responsible for the lifelong maintenance of the germline pool in testes throughout the reproductive lifespan of males. To gain insight into germline stem cell biology and develop strategies for infertility treatment, several germ cell isolation methods have been reported in order to acquire good quality and quantity of undifferentiated spermatogonia. Among them, magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS) is an efficient cell isolation method that requires less time and less initial cell numbers to obtain an enriched ...
[摘要] 在哺乳动物中，许多组织的体内平衡依赖于称为干细胞的细胞亚群，以维持适量的未分化细胞和分化细胞。精原细胞干细胞（SSC）为精子发生提供了基本的细胞来源，并且负责终生维持雄性生殖期间睾丸中的种系池。为了获得对种系干细胞生物学的了解并制定不孕症治疗策略，已经报道了几种生殖细胞分离方法，以获得良好质量和数量的未分化精原细胞。其中，磁激活细胞分选（MACS）是一种有效的细胞分离方法，其需要较少的时间和较少的初始细胞数以使用抗原 - 抗体反应来获得富集的细胞群体。胸腺细胞抗原1（THY1，CD90.2）被认为是小鼠新生儿和成年睾丸中未分化精原细胞的表面标志物。在这里，我们描述了一个用于分离来自小鼠睾丸的一周龄THY1 + 细胞和四周龄THY1 + 细胞的方案。分离过程包括三个步骤：睾丸收集和单细胞悬浮，使用生物素缀合的抗THY1抗体的细胞标记和磁性细胞分离。注意，这种隔离方案应在五小时内完成，以最大限度地提高活细胞的质量和数量。
背景 在几个成人组织中观察到活性和静止干细胞的共存。静止，自我更新和分化之间的充分平衡对于维持适当数量的未分化干细胞是必要的，并且避免过早的干细胞耗尽许多组织的体内平衡（Tseng等人，2015; Wabik和Jones，2015; ...
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