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Sodium bicarbonate

碳酸氢钠溶液

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: S8761
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Ex vivo Culture Assay Using Human Hair Follicles to Study Circadian Characteristics
Author:
Date:
2020-06-05
[Abstract]  Ex vivo culture assays of biopsy specimens are advantageous for the experimental evaluation of human circadian characteristics. We developed a simple and non-invasive experimental evaluation method for monitoring the expression of circadian clock genes in an ex vivo culture assay using human hair follicles. This method imposes little burden on subjects. This assay is useful for validating correlations between circadian characteristics in hair follicles and intrinsic characteristics observed in physiological and behavioral studies. While they should be further validated, this ex vivo method constitutes a useful tool for estimating in vivo circadian characteristics. [摘要]  [摘要] 活检标本的体外培养测定法有利于人体昼夜节律特征的实验评估。我们开发了一种简单而无创的实验评估方法,用于监测人发体外培养法中昼夜节律基因的表达follicles.This方法强加subjects.This测定法是用于验证昼夜CH之间的相关性有用的小负担在毛囊和固有特性在生理和行为studies.While观察aracteristics它们应该被进一步验证,该离体方法用于小的有用工具体内估计 昼夜节律特征。

[背景] 活的生物体表现出在生理和行为的昼夜节律由生物钟驱动(杨和Kay,2001)。该昼夜发条由转录的细胞自主性和时钟基因驱动的负反馈环路(邓拉普,1999 )。在哺乳动物中,转录因子BMAL1和CLOCK 通过E-box元件激活时钟和与时钟相关的基因(例如Period (Per )和Cryptochrome (Cry ))的转录.PER与有效的转录抑制剂CRY一起起作用负性调节这一复杂(里珀特织女,2002年)。在体内评估个体的内在节律特点在人类,要么以恒定的例行或强制去同步化协议,价格昂贵,耗力。因此,评估利用离体培养试验中要估计体内的昼夜节律特征可能具有重要的优势。例如,一些研究已经结束,n个外周细胞反映了个体的昼夜节律偏好,称为计时型(Brown 等人,2005; Hida 等人,2013 ...

Brain Tissue Culture of Per2::Luciferase Transgenic Mice for ex vivo Bioluminescence
Author:
Date:
2018-07-05
[Abstract]  In circadian research, it is essential to be able to track a biological rhythm for several days with the minimum perturbation for the organisms or tissues. The use of transgenic mice lines, in which the luciferase reporter is coupled to a molecular clock protein (here PERIOD2), gives us the opportunity to follow the circadian activity in different tissues or even single clock cells for days without manipulation. This method creates sections using a mouse brain matrix, which allows us to obtain several brain samples quickly at a single time point. [摘要]  在昼夜节律研究中,能够以最小的生物或组织扰动跟踪生物节律数天是至关重要的。 使用转基因小鼠系,其中荧光素酶报告基因与分子钟蛋白(此处为PERIOD2)偶联,使我们有机会在不经操作的情况下跟踪不同组织或甚至单个时钟细胞中的昼夜节律活动数天。 该方法使用鼠标脑矩阵创建切片,这允许我们在单个时间点快速获得几个脑样本。

【背景】昼夜节律是大约24小时循环的行为或分子变化,并且在没有任何外部线索的情况下持续。在哺乳动物中,运动活动,体温和激素释放是昼夜节律的实例,其在位于下丘脑的视交叉上核(SCN)时钟的控制下。 SCN细胞保持内源性节律的能力是由于时钟基因表达的正负循环组成的分子机制:首先,CLOCK和BMAL1蛋白异二聚化通过E-box位点激活不同基因的转录关于基因如 period ( Per1-3 )和隐花色素( Cry1-2 ; Takahashi)的启动子 et al。,2008)。然后,PERIOD和CRYPTOCHROME的蛋白质异二聚化并返回到细胞核以防止BMAL1与E-Box结合。因此,PERIOD和CRYPTOCHROME抑制其自身的转录(Takahashi et al。,2008)。第二个环由类视黄醇相关的孤儿受体(ROR)和Rev-Erb组成:ROR蛋白激活 Bmal1 基因,而REV-ERB蛋白抑制它通过 ROR反应 Bmal1 ...

Melanoma Stem Cell Sphere Formation Assay
Author:
Date:
2017-04-20
[Abstract]  Self-renewal is the ability of cells to replicate themselves at every cell cycle. Throughout self-renewal in normal tissue homeostasis, stem cell number is maintained constant throughout life. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) share this ability with normal tissue stem cells and the sphere formation assay (SFA) is the gold standard assay to assess stem cells (or cancer stem cells) self-renewal potential in vitro. When single cells are plated at low density in stem cell culture medium, only the cells endowed with self-renewal are able to grow in tridimensional clusters usually named spheres. In the recent years, SFA has also been used also to test the effect of several drugs, chemical and natural compounds or microenviromental components on stem cells self-renewal capacity. Here we will ... [摘要]  自我更新是细胞在每个细胞周期复制自身的能力。在正常组织体内平衡的自我更新过程中,干细胞数量在整个生命中保持不变。癌症干细胞(CSCs)与正常组织干细胞共享这种能力,球形成测定(SFA)是评估干细胞(或癌症干细胞)体外自我更新潜力的金标准测定方法。 。当单细胞在干细胞培养基中以低密度铺板时,仅具有自我更新的细胞能够在通常称为球体的三维簇中生长。近年来,SFA也用于测试几种药物,化学和天然化合物或微环境成分对干细胞自我更新能力的影响。在这里,我们将说明一个详细的方案来评估人类黑色素瘤干细胞的自我更新,作为黑色球体生长。

癌症干细胞(CSCs)首先在急性骨髓瘤白血病(Lapidot et al。,1994)中发现,然后在许多实体瘤中鉴定出包括黑素瘤。 CSCs被定义为具有自我更新和肿瘤起始能力的细胞,能够在体内再生整个肿瘤异质性。可以使用基于表型特征或生物学特性的不同方法从肿瘤块中分离CSCs,然后在体外(自我更新)和体内 (致瘤潜力)。使用细胞表面标志物的组合分离黑素瘤CSCs(Fang等人,2005; Monzani等人,2007; Schatton等人, ,2008; Boiko等人,2010; Boonyaratanakornkit等人,2010)或通过特定干细胞培养基中的培养(Perego等人, ,2010; Santini ...

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