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Sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate

磷酸二氢钠一水合物

Company: EMD Millipore
Catalog#: 106346
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Infection of Nicotiana benthamiana Plants with Potato Virus X (PVX)
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Date:
2016-12-20
[Abstract]  Potato Virus X (PVX) is the type member of Potexvirus genus, a group of plant viruses with a positive-strand RNA genome (~6.4 kb). PVX is able to establish compatible infections in Nicotiana benthamiana, a commonly used host in plant virology, leading to mild symptoms, such as chlorotic mosaic and mottling. PVX has been widely used as a viral vector for more than two decades (Chapman et al., 1992; Baulcombe et al., 1995; Aguilar et al., 2015). It provides a feasible means for the systemic expression in plants of heterologous proteins, such as avirulence factors, proteins with pharmacological properties, etc., (Hammond-Kosack et al., 1995; Gleba et al., 2014), and also as a tool to help decipher the function ... [摘要]  马铃薯病毒X(PVX)是Potexvirus属(一组具有正链RNA基因组(〜6.4kb)的植物病毒)的类型成员。 PVX能够在烟草烟草(Nicotiana benthamiana)中建立相容的感染,这是常用于植物病毒学的宿主,导致轻度症状,如褪色马赛克和斑驳。 PVX已经被广泛用作病毒载体二十多年(Chapman等人,1992; Baulcombe等人,1995; Aguilar等人。它为异源蛋白质植物中的全身表达提供了可行的手段,例如无毒性因子,具有药理学性质的蛋白质,等等(Hammond-Kosack等人, 1995; Gleba等人,2014),并且还作为通过病毒诱导的基因沉默(VACS)(Lacomme和Chapman,2008)帮助解释植物中基因功能的工具。摩擦(A)和农用过滤(B)的两种不同的方案,即允许PVX在N中的有效乘法和传播。本文详细描述本文。摩擦方法需要先前感染的液体,并且通过诱导对叶组织的机械损伤来实现感染,从而允许病毒颗粒穿透植物表面。农杆菌过滤需要先前修饰的农杆菌携带并将PVX序列递送到植物细胞中。将土壤杆菌生长直至饱和,并用注射器将其浸入植物组织中建立感染。这两种方法中的任何一种都可以成功应用,选择应主要基于材料和时间的可用性,但建议在使用嵌合病毒时使用农杆菌滤过。

背景 ...

Competitive ELISA for Protein-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) Binding
Author:
Date:
2014-11-20
[Abstract]  Lipopolysaccharide is the major constituent of the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria and, once released from the bacterial surface into the bloodstream, is a potent activator of the host immune system, which can lead to septic shock. LPS has a hydrophilic region consisting of a repeating oligosaccharide that is strain-specific (O-antigen) and a core polysaccharide, which is covalently linked to a hydrophobic lipid moiety (lipid A). Lipid A is the most conserved part and is responsible for the toxicity of LPS. Therefore, finding molecules able to bind to this region and neutralize LPS toxicity is of relevant interest as it may provide new therapies to prevent septic shock (Chen et al., 2006). Several proteins and peptides were reported to bind LPS and alter its toxicity ... [摘要]  脂多糖是革兰氏阴性细菌外膜的主要成分,一旦从细菌表面释放到血液中,是宿主免疫系统的有效激活剂,可导致败血性休克。 LPS具有由与疏水性脂质部分(脂质A)共价连接的作为菌株特异性(O-抗原)的重复寡糖和核心多糖组成的亲水性区域。脂质A是最保守的部分,负责LPS的毒性。因此,寻找能够结合该区域并中和LPS毒性的分子是有兴趣的,因为它可能提供新的治疗方法来预防败血性休克(Chen et al。,2006)。报道了几种蛋白质和肽结合LPS并改变其对还原和甚至增强的毒性(Brandenburg等,1998),例如血清白蛋白(Ohno和Morrison,1989),脂多糖结合蛋白(LBP)(de Haas等人,1999),酪蛋白(López-Expósito等,2008),溶菌酶,抗生素多粘菌素B和抗菌肽(Chen等,2006)。虽然这些蛋白质中的一些是中性的,甚至阴离子/酸性(pI <7)(jang et="" al。,2009),由于lps的两亲性结构和脂质a上带负电荷的磷酸酯基团的存在是最重要的因素被认为与lps最佳结合的是阳离子/碱性(pi=""> ...

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