| Efficient Agrobacterium-mediated Transformation of the Elite–Indica Rice Variety Komboka
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Author:
Van T. Luu, Melissa Stiebner, Paula Emmerich Maldonado, Sandra Valdés, Didier Marín, Gerardo Delgado, Virginia Laluz, Lin-Bo Wu, Paul Chavarriaga, Joe Tohme, Inez H. Slamet-Loedin and Wolf B. Frommer,
Date:
2020-09-05
[Abstract] Genetic transformation is crucial for both investigating gene functions and for engineering of crops to introduce new traits. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important model in plant research, since it is the staple food for more than half of the world’s population. As a result, numerous transformation methods have been developed for both indica and japonica rice. Since breeders continuously develop new rice varieties, transformation protocols have to be adapted for each new variety. Here we provide an optimized transformation protocol with detailed tips and tricks for a new African variety Komboka using immature embryos. In Komboka, we obtained an apparent transformation rate of up to 48% for GUS/GFP reporter gene constructs using this optimized protocol. This ...
[摘要]
[摘要 ] 遗传转化对于研究基因功能和农作物工程引入新性状均至关重要。水稻（Oryza sativa L.）是植物研究中的重要模型，因为它是世界一半以上人口的主食。其结果是，大量的转化方法已经开发了两个籼稻和粳稻米。由于育种者不断开发新的水稻品种，因此必须针对每个新品种适应转化方案。在这里，我们为使用未成熟胚的非洲新品种Komboka 提供了一种优化的转化协议，包括详细的技巧和窍门。在Komboka中，我们使用此优化方案对GUS / GFP报告基因构建体的表观转化率高达48％。该协议也适用于其他优质lite 稻品种。
[背景 ] 为植物的遗传转化的各种方法公顷一直在开发，例如穿孔（Shimamoto PEG介导的原生质体转染。等人，1989;达塔。等人，1992），生物射弹转化（Christou的等人，1991）和农杆菌-介导的转化（Slamet-Loedin 等，2014）。农杆菌介导的转化是将DNA引入植物的最广泛使用的方法之一（van Wordragen and Dons，1992）。该方法已被广泛用于研究，并已成为生物技术的关键先决条件。自从开发新的育种技术（如基因组编辑）以来，它就变得越来越重要（Char ...
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| Detection of Protein Interactions in the Cytoplasm and Periplasm of Escherichia coli by Förster Resonance Energy Transfer
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Author:
Date:
2018-01-20
[Abstract] This protocol was developed to qualitatively and quantitatively detect protein-protein interactions in Escherichia coli by Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET). The described assay allows for the previously impossible in vivo screening of periplasmic protein-protein interactions. In FRET, excitation of a donor fluorescent molecule results in the transfer of energy to an acceptor fluorescent molecule, which will then emit light if the distance between them is within the 1-10 nm range. Fluorescent proteins can be genetically encoded as fusions to proteins of interest and expressed in the cell and therefore FRET protein-protein interaction experiments can be performed in vivo. Donor and acceptor fluorescent protein fusions are constructed for bacterial proteins ...
[摘要] 该协议的开发是通过Förster共振能量转移（FRET）定性和定量检测大肠杆菌中的蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用。所描述的测定允许以前不可能的周质蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用的体内筛选。在FRET中，供体荧光分子的激发导致能量转移到受体荧光分子，如果它们之间的距离在1-10nm范围内，则受体荧光分子将发光。荧光蛋白质可以被遗传编码为与感兴趣的蛋白质的融合物并且在细胞中表达，因此FRET蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用实验可以在体内进行。供体和受体荧光蛋白融合体被构建用于被怀疑相互作用的细菌蛋白质。这些融合蛋白在细菌细胞中共表达，随后激发供体和受体通道测量荧光发射光谱。供体的发射光谱与受体的激发光谱之间的部分重叠是FRET的先决条件。即使在没有FRET的情况下，供体激发也可以使受体以已知百分比交叉激发。通过测量背景，仅供体和仅受体样品的参考光谱，可以计算预期的发射光谱。在预期光谱之上的受体的致敏发射可以归因于FRET，并且可以通过光谱解混来量化。
【背景】确定如何和哪些蛋白质相互作用维持生命是分子生物学研究的核心。存在许多体外方法，但可能导致误报，因为相互作用是从其生物学背景中取出的。 ...
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| Macromolecular Biosynthesis Assay for Evaluation of Influence of an Antimicrobial on the Synthesis of Macromolecules
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Author:
Date:
2013-06-20
[Abstract] One of the most compelling approaches in the discovery of novel antimicrobials is screening of natural sources. In our publication we report on the activity of a compound 8-hydroxyserrulat-14-en-19-oic acid (EN4), a diterpene isolated from the Australian plant Eremophila neglecta. We evaluate its applicability for treatment of implant-associated infections. A comprehensive analysis of the mechanism of action of EN4 against staphylococci revealed its membranolytic properties and a general inhibition of macromolecular biosynthesis, which was confirmed in a macromolecular biosynthesis assay and suggested a multitarget activity. The method used to investigate an influence of EN4 on the synthesis of peptidoglycan, RNA, DNA and proteins is based on precipitation of macromolecules with ...
[摘要] 在发现新的抗微生物剂中最引人注目的方法之一是筛选天然来源。在我们的出版物中，我们报告了一种化合物8-羟基胆固醇-14-烯-19-酸（EN4）（一种从澳大利亚植物中分离的二萜烯）的活性。我们评估其适用于植入物相关感染的治疗。对EN4对葡萄球菌的作用机制的综合分析揭示其膜分解性质和大分子生物合成的一般抑制，其在大分子生物合成测定中被证实并提出多靶点活性。用于研究EN4对肽聚糖，RNA，DNA和蛋白质的合成的影响的方法是基于大分子与三氯乙酸的沉淀。这些大分子由相应的[3 H] - 标记的前体合成。测量掺入和不掺入抗微生物剂的放射性，并反映测试化合物的作用模式。使用具有已知作用机制的抗生素作为对照。
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