| Macrophage Polarization by Tumor-induced MDSCs Assay
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Author:
Date:
2016-08-20
[Abstract] Myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are a subset of granulocytes (immature myeloid cells) that exploit a variety of mechanism to modulate the innate and adaptive immune system. MDSCs are present normally in the body, but their numbers increase during inflammation and in cancer, promoting an immunosuppressive microenvironment. In addition to MDSCs, macrophages also play an important role during cancer development. There are two subsets of tumor associated macrophages (TAMs): M1 and M2. M1 are “anti-tumor” macrophages that are activated by interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and/or Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and secrete high amount of interleukin 12 (IL-12) thereby inducing a Th1 anti-tumor immune response. M2 or “pro-tumorigenic” macrophages are activated by interleukin 4 (IL-4) and interleukin 10 ...
[摘要] 骨髓衍生的抑制细胞（MDSC）是粒细胞（未成熟骨髓细胞）的子集，其利用多种机制调节先天和适应性免疫系统。 MDSC通常存在于体内，但它们的数量在炎症和癌症期间增加，从而促进免疫抑制微环境。除了MDSC，巨噬细胞也在癌症发展中发挥重要作用。肿瘤相关巨噬细胞（TAM）有两个亚类：M1和M2。 M1是由干扰素γ（IFN-γ）和/或脂多糖（LPS）活化并分泌大量白细胞介素12（IL-12）从而诱导Th1抗肿瘤免疫应答的"抗肿瘤"巨噬细胞。 M2或"致肿瘤发生"巨噬细胞被白介素4（IL-4）和白细胞介素10（IL-10）激活并分泌大量的IL-10，这促进肿瘤进展（Gabrilovich等人， 。，2012）。在肿瘤微环境中MDSC和巨噬细胞之间的相互作用显示增强这些亚群介导的免疫抑制。 MDSC通过产生IL-10而影响TAM，其继而诱导IL-12的下调并将M1极化为M2巨噬细胞。在我们的研究中，我们使用以下方案来评价肿瘤诱导的MDSC将LPS活化的M1极化为M2巨噬细胞的能力（Vences-Catalan等人，2015）。该方案改编自先前的研究（Sinha等人，2007）。
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| Thioglycollate Induced Peritonitis
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Author:
Date:
2011-06-20
[Abstract] Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of thioglycollate elicits a robust influx of neutrophils into peritoneal cavity. The trafficking of the cells is believed to be mediated by chemokines CXCL1, CXCL2, and CXCL8 (Call et al., 2001; Cacalano et al., 1994). Thus this model can be used to test the ability of neutrophils to migrate towards these chemokines in bioengineered mouse strains (e.g. knockout or transgenic mice) or the ability of certain molecules to inhibit the chemoattractive activities of these chemokines (e.g. small molecules or inhibitory antibodies). This protocol has been used by the author successfully to test the functions of a viral multi-chemokine inhibitor.
[摘要] 腹膜内（i.p.）注射巯基乙酸盐引发嗜中性粒细胞进入腹膜腔的强烈内流。 认为细胞的运输由趋化因子CXCL1，CXCL2和CXCL8介导（Call等人，2001; Cacalano等人，1994）。 因此，该模型可用于测试中性粒细胞在生物工程化小鼠品系（例如敲除或转基因小鼠）中向这些趋化因子迁移的能力或某些分子抑制这些趋化因子的化学吸引活性的能力（例如， 例如小分子或抑制性抗体）。 该方案已被作者成功地用于测试病毒多趋化因子抑制剂的功能。
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