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DPBS, 10x, no calcium, no magnesium

磷酸盐缓冲盐水

Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: 14200067
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An in vitro Co-culture System for the Activation of CD40 by Membrane-presented CD40 Ligand versus Soluble Agonist
Author:
Date:
2018-07-05
[Abstract]  One fundamental property of the TNR receptor (TNFR) family relates to how ‘signal quality’ (the extent of receptor ligation or cross-linking) influences the outcome of receptor ligation, for instance the induction of death in tumour cells. It is unequivocal that membrane-presented ligand (delivered to target cells via cell-surface presentation by co-culture with ligand-expressing third-party cells) induces a greater extent of carcinoma cell death in vitro in comparison to non-cross-linked agonists (agonistic antibodies and/or recombinant ligands). The CD40 receptor epitomises this fundamental property of TNF receptor-ligand interactions, as the extent of CD40 cross-linking dictates cell fate. Membrane-presented CD40 ligand (mCD40L), but not soluble agonists (e.g., ... [摘要]  TNR受体(TNFR)家族的一个基本特性涉及“信号质量”(受体连接或交联的程度)如何影响受体连接的结果,例如肿瘤细胞中的死亡诱导。毫无疑问,膜呈递配体(通过与表达配体的第三方细胞共培养通过细胞表面呈递递送至靶细胞)在体外诱导更大程度的癌细胞死亡非交联激动剂(激动性抗体和/或重组配体)。 CD40受体集中体现了TNF受体 - 配体相互作用的这种基本特性,因为CD40交联的程度决定了细胞命运。膜呈递CD40配体(mCD40L),但不是可溶性激动剂(例如,激动性抗CD40抗体),诱导高水平的促炎细胞因子分泌并导致恶性肿瘤细胞广泛死亡(细胞凋亡)但不是正常的)上皮细胞。在本文中,我们描述了通过mCD40L激活CD40并随后检测细胞凋亡的各种特征(包括细胞膜透化,DNA片段化,半胱天冬酶活化)以及细胞内细胞死亡介质检测的共培养系统(包括衔接蛋白,促凋亡激酶和活性氧,ROS)。

【背景】TNFR及其配体在调节淋巴组织以及上皮(尤其是癌)细胞中的细胞增殖或死亡中的作用已经在广泛研究中,因为它们诱导细胞死亡(主要通过细胞凋亡)的能力代表了有希望的目标。用于癌症治疗。然而,重要的是,当以可溶性对膜结合形式存在时,TNFR激动剂引发细胞死亡的能力存在明显差异。当作为单独治疗施用时,可溶性激动剂通常表现出相对低的细胞毒性效力,而膜呈递的配体似乎是优越的(Albarbar ...

Packaging of Retroviral RNA into Viral Particles Analyzed by Quantitative Reverse Transcriptase-PCR
Author:
Date:
2013-04-20
[Abstract]  Formation of viral particles and packaging of genomic retroviral RNA into these particles are important steps in the late phase of the viral replication cycle. The efficiency of the incorporation of viral or cellular RNAs into viral particles can be studied using a quantitative Reverse Transcriptase-PCR (RT-qPCR)-based approach. After isolation of cytoplasmic RNA from either infected or transfected cells and extraction of virus particle-associated RNA, specific RNA levels present in both fractions are determined. The ratio of virion-associated and cytoplasmic RNA defines the encapsidation efficiency (Brandt et al., 2007; Blissenbach et al., 2010; Grewe et al., 2012). [摘要]  病毒颗粒的形成和基因组逆转录病毒RNA包装到这些颗粒中是病毒复制周期晚期的重要步骤。 可以使用定量逆转录酶-PCR(RT-qPCR)为基础的方法研究将病毒或细胞RNA掺入病毒颗粒中的效率。 在从感染的或转染的细胞分离细胞质RNA并提取病毒颗粒相关的RNA后,测定两种级分中存在的特异性RNA水平。 病毒体相关的和细胞质RNA的比率定义了衣壳化效率(Brandt等人,2007; Blissenbach等人,2010; Grewe等人,/em>,2012)。

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