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Fisher ScientificTM IsotempTM Digital-Control Water Baths: Model 205

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Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: Isotemp 205
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An Acute Mouse Spinal Cord Slice Preparation for Studying Glial Activation ex vivo
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Date:
2017-01-20
[Abstract]  Pathological conditions such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal cord injury and chronic pain are characterized by activation of astrocytes and microglia in spinal cord and have been modeled in rodents. In vivo imaging at cellular level in these animal models is limited due to the spinal cord’s highly myelinated funiculi. The preparation of acute slices may offer an alternative and valuable strategy to collect structural and functional information in vitro from dorsal, lateral and ventral regions of spinal cord. Here, we describe a procedure for preparing acute slices from mouse spinal cord (Garré et al., 2016). This preparation should allow further understanding of how glial cells in spinal cord respond acutely to various inflammatory challenges. [摘要]  病理状况如肌萎缩性侧索硬化,脊髓损伤和慢性疼痛的特征在于脊髓中星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞的活化,并已在啮齿动物中建模。 在这些动物模型中的细胞水平的体内成像由于脊髓的高度髓鞘化的功能而受到限制。 急性切片的制备可能提供一种替代和有价值的策略,从脊髓的背侧,外侧和腹侧区域体外收集结构和功能信息。 在这里,我们描述了一种从小鼠脊髓制备急性切片的过程(Garréet al。,2016)。 这个准备应该进一步了解脊髓中的神经胶质细胞是如何急剧地反应各种炎症的挑战。
【背景】已经使用小鼠转基因技术来模拟影响脊髓的不同人类病态,其中许多特征为局部胶质激活,神经炎症的一个标志。利用基于激光扫描显微技术的共焦显微镜(White et al。,1987)和双光子显微镜(Denk等,1990),大大提高了对健康和疾病中胶质生物学的认识。 )以无创的方式可视化活体动物中的细胞结构和亚细胞结构域;例如,表达遗传编码的记者或钙传感器的小鼠已被用于分别形成胶质结构(体细胞和过程)并研究钙动力学和信号传导(Davalos等人,2005; ...

Telomere Restriction Fragment (TRF) Analysis
Author:
Date:
2015-11-20
[Abstract]  While telomerase is expressed in ~90% of primary human tumors, most somatic tissue cells except transiently proliferating stem-like cells do not have detectable telomerase activity (Shay and Wright, 1996; Shay and Wright, 2001). Telomeres progressively shorten with each cell division in normal cells, including proliferating stem-like cells, due to the end replication (lagging strand synthesis) problem and other causes such as oxidative damage, therefore all somatic cells have limited cell proliferation capacity (Hayflick limit) (Hayflick and Moorhead, 1961; Olovnikov, 1973). The progressive telomere shortening eventually leads to growth arrest in normal cells, which is known as replicative senescence (Shay et al., 1991). Once telomerase is activated in cancer cells, telomere ... [摘要]  虽然端粒酶在约90%的原发性人类肿瘤中表达,但除了瞬时增殖的干细胞样细胞之外,大多数体细胞组织细胞不具有可检测的端粒酶活性(Shay和Wright,1996; Shay和Wright,2001)。由于末端复制(滞后链合成)问题和其它原因例如氧化损伤,端粒在正常细胞中的每个细胞分裂(包括增殖的干细胞样细胞)逐渐缩短,因此所有体细胞具有有限的细胞增殖能力(Hayflick极限) (Hayflick和Moorhead,1961; Olovnikov,1973)。渐进性端粒缩短最终导致正常细胞中的生长停滞,其被称为复制衰老(Shay等人,1991)。一旦端粒酶在癌细胞中被激活,通过在染色体末端添加TTAGGG重复来稳定端粒长度,从而使细胞分裂无限延续(Shay和Wright,1996; Shay和Wright,2001)。因此,衰老和癌症之间的联系可以部分地解释端粒生物学。有许多快速和方便的方法来研究端粒生物学,例如端粒限制性片段(TRF),端粒重复扩增方案(Telomere Repeat Amplification Protocol, TRAP)(Mender and Shay,2015b)和端粒功能障碍诱导Foci(TIF)分析 ...

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