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Author:
Date:
2015-10-05
[Abstract] Heme is an iron-containing porphyrin which acts as a prosthetic group in several enzymes involved in disparate functions, such as respiration and H2O2-scavenging. Escherichia coli is able to produce heme endogenously since it contains all the enzymes involved in the nine-step biosynthesis pathway, which in absence of stress and in iron-replete media proceeds unabated. However, we recently showed that two steps are affected by H2O2 stress (Mancini and Imlay, 2015). To compensate, two enzymes, namely the ferrochelatase (HemH) and an isozyme of coproporphyrinogen III oxidase (HemF), are activated by the H2O2-responsive regulator OxyR. Genetic mutations that block either adaptation cause the intracellular accumulation ...
[摘要] 血红素是含铁的卟啉，其在参与不同功能（例如呼吸和H 2 O 2 O 2 - 清除）的几种酶中充当辅基。大肠杆菌能够内源性产生血红素，因为其含有涉及九步生物合成途径的所有酶，其在没有应激的情况下和在铁补充培养基中不减弱地进行。然而，我们最近显示两个步骤受H 2 O 2 O 2胁迫的影响（Mancini和Imlay，2015）。为了补偿，两种酶，即铁螯合酶（HemH）和粪卟啉原III氧化酶（HemF）的同工酶被H 2 O 2反应性调节剂OxyR激活。阻断任一适应的遗传突变导致原卟啉IX和粪卟啉原III的细胞内积累，分别是HemH和HemF的底物。我们在这里描述一种方法，用于提取和量化原卟啉IX和粪卟啉III，coproporphyrinogen III的自发氧化的产物。
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Author:
Date:
2015-06-05
[Abstract] Autoreactive T cells restricted to CD1 molecules and specific for endogenous lipids are abundant in human blood (de Jong et al., 2010; de Lalla et al., 2011). A few self-lipid molecules recognized by diverse individual T cell clones and accumulated within APCs following stress signals or cell transformation have been identified so far (de Jong et al., 2010; Chang et al., 2008; Lepore et al., 2014). These findings suggested that auto-reactive CD1-restricted T cells display broad lipid specificities and may play critical roles in different types of immune responses including cancer immune surveillance, autoimmunity and antimicrobial immunity. Therefore, the identification of the repertoire of self-lipid molecules recognized by T cells is ...
[摘要] 限于CD1分子并且对内源性脂质特异的自身反应性T细胞在人血液中是丰富的（de Jong等人，2010; de Lalla等人，2011）。迄今已经鉴定了多种单个T细胞克隆识别并在应激信号或细胞转化后在APC内积累的一些自身脂质分子（de Jong等人，2010; Chang等人。，2008; Lepore ，2014）。这些研究结果表明自反应CD1限制性T细胞显示广泛的脂质特异性，可能在不同类型的免疫反应，包括癌症免疫监视，自身免疫和抗微生物免疫中发挥关键作用。因此，鉴定由T细胞识别的自身脂质分子的所有组成成分对于研究该T细胞群的生理功能和评估其治疗潜力是重要的（Lepore等人，2014）。这里我们描述了我们建立的用于分离和鉴定源自白血病细胞的内源性脂质的方案，其刺激特异性自身反应性CD1c限制性T淋巴细胞（Lepore等人，2014）。该方案可以应用于从任何类型的靶细胞分离脂质抗原，并研究限制于所有CD1同种型的自身反应性T细胞的自身脂质抗原特异性（Facciotti等人，2012）。
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