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高压灭菌

Company: SANYO
Catalog#: MLS-3780
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Extraction and Quantification of Sphingolipids from Hemiptera Insects by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Tandem Mass Spectrometry
Author:
Date:
2021-02-20
[Abstract]  

Sphingolipids are major structural components of endomembranes and have also been described as an intracellular second messenger involved in various biological functions in all eukaryotes and a few prokaryotes. Ceramides (Cer), the central molecules of sphingolipids, have been depicted in cell growth arrest, cell differentiation, and apoptosis. With the development of lipidomics, the identification of ceramides has been analyzed in many species, mostly in model insects. However, there is still a lack of research in non-model organisms. Here we describe a relatively simple and sensitive method for the extraction, identification, and quantification of ceramides in Hemiptera Insects (brown planthooper), followed by Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry

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[摘要]  [摘要]鞘脂类是endomembranes的主要结构部件和已经也被描述为参与所有真核生物和原核生物几多种生物学功能的细胞内第二信使。 神经酰胺(CER),鞘脂的中心的分子,已经在细胞生长停滞,细胞分化被描述,和细胞凋亡。随着脂质组学的发展,已经在许多物种中对神经酰胺的鉴定进行了分析,其中大多数是模型昆虫。但是,仍然缺乏对非模型生物的研究。在这里,我们描述了用于提取中相对简单和灵敏的方法N,鉴定,并在半翅目昆虫的神经酰胺的定量(棕色planthooper ),随后用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱联用(UPLC-MS / MS)。C18被用作用于对三联四极液体MAS定量检测和分析的分离柱小号光谱仪。在该方案中,采用标准曲线方法以根据可选的检测条件确认更准确的神经酰胺定量。

[背景]鞘脂是膜脂质在活体生物的第二大组和细胞结构,代谢和调节的许多方面发挥了重要作用(拉希里和Futerman,2007)。起初,人们认为鞘脂是结构相关分子的复杂家族,但越来越多的研究表明鞘脂参与了许多细胞过程(Mao和Obeid ,2008 )。神经酰胺(CER)是必不可少的牵连生物活性脂质的各种细胞生物过程从细胞生长调控细胞死亡和衰老(Futerman和Hannun,2004 ; ...

Detection of Protein Interactions in the Cytoplasm and Periplasm of Escherichia coli by Förster Resonance Energy Transfer
Author:
Date:
2018-01-20
[Abstract]  This protocol was developed to qualitatively and quantitatively detect protein-protein interactions in Escherichia coli by Förster Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET). The described assay allows for the previously impossible in vivo screening of periplasmic protein-protein interactions. In FRET, excitation of a donor fluorescent molecule results in the transfer of energy to an acceptor fluorescent molecule, which will then emit light if the distance between them is within the 1-10 nm range. Fluorescent proteins can be genetically encoded as fusions to proteins of interest and expressed in the cell and therefore FRET protein-protein interaction experiments can be performed in vivo. Donor and acceptor fluorescent protein fusions are constructed for bacterial proteins ... [摘要]  该协议的开发是通过Förster共振能量转移(FRET)定性和定量检测大肠杆菌中的蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用。所描述的测定允许以前不可能的周质蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用的体内筛选。在FRET中,供体荧光分子的激发导致能量转移到受体荧光分子,如果它们之间的距离在1-10nm范围内,则受体荧光分子将发光。荧光蛋白质可以被遗传编码为与感兴趣的蛋白质的融合物并且在细胞中表达,因此FRET蛋白质 - 蛋白质相互作用实验可以在体内进行。供体和受体荧光蛋白融合体被构建用于被怀疑相互作用的细菌蛋白质。这些融合蛋白在细菌细胞中共表达,随后激发供体和受体通道测量荧光发射光谱。供体的发射光谱与受体的激发光谱之间的部分重叠是FRET的先决条件。即使在没有FRET的情况下,供体激发也可以使受体以已知百分比交叉激发。通过测量背景,仅供体和仅受体样品的参考光谱,可以计算预期的发射光谱。在预期光谱之上的受体的致敏发射可以归因于FRET,并且可以通过光谱解混来量化。

【背景】确定如何和哪些蛋白质相互作用维持生命是分子生物学研究的核心。存在许多体外方法,但可能导致误报,因为相互作用是从其生物学背景中取出的。 ...

Observation of Pneumococcal Phase Variation in Colony Morphology
Author:
Date:
2017-08-05
[Abstract]  Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is an important human pathogen that causes pneumonia, meningitis, sepsis, and otitis media. This bacterium normally resides in the nasopharynx as a commensal, but sometimes disseminates to sterile sites of humans and causes local or systemic inflammation. This biphasic behavior of S. pneumoniae is correlated with a reversible switch between the opaque and transparent colony forms on agar plates, a phenomenon referred to as phase variation. The opaque variants appear to be more virulent in animal models of bacteremia but are deficient in nasopharyngeal colonization animal models. In contrast, the transparent variants display higher levels of nasopharyngeal colonization but relatively lower virulence in animal models. We have ... [摘要]  肺炎链球菌(肺炎球菌)是导致肺炎,脑膜炎,败血症和中耳炎的重要人类病原体。这种细菌通常作为共生体存在于鼻咽中,但有时会传播到人类的无菌部位并导致局部或全身炎症。这种双相行为。肺炎支原体与琼脂平板上的不透明和透明集落形式之间的可逆转换相关,这称为相变。不透明变体在菌血症的动物模型中似乎更具毒性,但在鼻咽定殖动物模型中是缺陷的。相比之下,透明变体在动物模型中显示较高水平的鼻咽定植,但相对较低的毒力。我们最近证实,这两种菌落类型之间的肺炎球菌相变是由基因组DNA甲基化(或表观遗传)模式的可逆转换引起的,由DNA甲基转移酶基因的DNA反转驱动。菌落形态的观察是区分具有不同特征(如大小,颜色和不透明度)的菌落的简单且有用的方法。该方案描述了如何利用解剖显微镜研究集落形态的肺炎球菌相变。
【背景】肺炎链球菌是全球儿童细菌性肺炎,脑膜炎和败血症的主要原因(Walker等人,2013)。这种病原体在适应人类宿主的各种生态环境中的成功取决于其显着的表型可塑性(Croucher等人,2013; Johnston等人,,2014a) ,其已被荚膜多糖和表面蛋白质中的菌株间抗原变异反映(Croucher等人,2013和2011),获得新的毒力因子(Park等人, ...

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