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Tube 10ml, 100x16mm, PP

管10ml,100x16mm,PP

Company: SARSTEDT
Catalog#: 62.9924.284
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Quantification of Extracellular Double-stranded RNA Uptake and Subcellular Localization Using Flow Cytometry and Confocal Microscopy
Author:
Date:
2018-06-20
[Abstract]  Double-stranded RNA is a potent pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) produced as a by-product of viral replication and a well-known hallmark of viral infection. Viral dsRNAs can be released from infected cells into the extracellular space and internalized by neighboring cells via endocytosis. Mammals possess multiple pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) capable of detecting viral dsRNAs such as endosomal toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) and cytosolic RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) which lead to the production of type I interferons (IFNs). Thus, intracellular localization of viral dsRNA can provide insight into the downstream signaling pathways leading to innate immune activation. Here, we describe a quantitative method for measuring extracellular dsRNA uptake and visualizing subcellular ... [摘要]  双链RNA是一种有效的病原体相关分子模式(PAMP),作为病毒复制的副产物和病毒感染的众所周知的标志产生。 病毒dsRNA可以从感染的细胞释放到细胞外空间并通过胞吞作用被邻近细胞内化。 哺乳动物具有能够检测导致产生I型干扰素(IFN)的病毒dsRNA(例如内体Toll样受体3(TLR3)和胞质RIG-1样受体(RLR))的多模式识别受体(PRR)。 因此,病毒dsRNA的细胞内定位可以提供对导致先天免疫激活的下游信号传导途径的了解。 在这里,我们描述了一种测量细胞外dsRNA摄取和分别通过流式细胞仪和共聚焦显微镜观察内化dsRNA的亚细胞定位的定量方法。

【背景】双链RNA(dsRNA)是病毒复制的常见副产物,通过产生I型干扰素(IFN)和其他促炎细胞因子(Nellimarla和Mossman,2014)是抗病毒免疫的有效激活剂。病毒的dsRNA通过TLR3核内体内所感测(松本等人,2003年)或在由RIG-I样受体(RLRS),RIG-I和MDA-5(加藤等人,2006)。在裂解感染,这些dsRNA可以被释放到细胞外空间,它们结合于相邻小区,如A类清道夫受体(SR-A)和RAFTLIN表面受体,并且随后经由网格蛋白介导的内吞作用内在化(伊藤制 2008; DeWitte-Orr等人,2010; Watanabe等人,2011; Dansako等人,, ...

Isolation and Analysis of Stromal Cell Populations from Mouse Lymph Nodes
Author:
Date:
2017-08-20
[Abstract]  Our protocol describes a simple procedure for isolating stromal cells from lymph nodes (LN). LN are disrupted then enzymatically digested with collagenase and dispase to produce a single cell suspension that can be stained with fluorescently labelled antibodies and analysed by flow cytometry. This protocol will enable identification of fibroblastic reticular cells (FRC), lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC), blood endothelial cells (BEC) as PNAd+ BEC that form LN high endothelial venules (HEV). This method can be applied to examine LN stromal cell responses during inflammatory events induced by infections or immunologic adjuvants and to subset most leukocytes found in LN. [摘要]  我们的方案描述了从淋巴结(LN)分离基质细胞的简单过程。 LN被破坏,然后用胶原酶和分散酶酶消化以产生可以用荧光标记的抗体染色的单细胞悬浮液并通过流式细胞术分析。 该方案能够识别形成LN高内皮小静脉(HEV)的PNAd + BEC的成纤维细胞网状细胞(FRC),淋巴内皮细胞(LEC),血液内皮细胞(BEC)。 该方法可以用于检测由感染或免疫佐剂诱导的炎症事件期间的LN基质细胞反应,并且在LN中发现大多数白细胞。
【背景】淋巴结(LN)由间充质和内皮基质细胞的复杂网络构成。这些包括成纤维细胞网状细胞(FRCs),淋巴内皮细胞(LECs)和血液内皮细胞(BECs)。这些基质细胞组织了LN的复杂微结构,使得能够支持免疫细胞迁移,体内平衡,耐受性和细胞相互作用,以引发对病原体和肿瘤的免疫应答。我们已经表明,LN基质细胞可以响应于炎症信号而增殖和扩张,并且将免疫细胞募集到伴随感染的LN中(Gregory等,2017)。这些基质细胞也可以显着调节其转录程序以应对感染,从而支持持续的免疫应答。该方案使稳定状态和疾病期间LN的基质细胞亚群可靠地分离。这使得LN基质细胞的表型,功能,遗传或表观遗传学研究揭示了它们如何有助于组织体内平衡和免疫应答。

Ex vivo Culture of Adult Mouse Antral Glands
Author:
Date:
2017-01-05
[Abstract]  The tri-dimensional culture, initially described by Sato et al. (2009) in order to isolate and characterize epithelial stem cells of the adult small intestine, has been subsequently adapted to many different organs. One of the first examples was the isolation and culture of antral stem cells by Barker et al. (2010), who efficiently generated organoids that recapitulate the mature pyloric epithelium in vitro. This ex vivo approach is suitable and promising to study gastric function in homeostasis as well as in disease. We have adapted Barker’s protocol to compare homeostatic and regenerating tissues and here, we meticulously describe, step by step, the isolation and culture of antral glands as well as the isolation of single cells from antral glands that ... [摘要]  为了分离和表征成年小肠的上皮干细胞,最初由Sato等人(2009)描述的三维培养物已经随后适应于许多不同的器官。其中一个例子是Barker等人(2010)分离和培养窦性干细胞,他们有效地产生了在体外重现成熟幽门上皮的组织细胞。这种“离体”方法是适合的,并且有希望研究体内平衡和疾病中的胃功能。我们已经调整了Barker的方案来比较稳态和再生组织,这里,我们一步一步地仔细地描述了窦腺的分离和培养,以及从细胞分选后可能用于培养的窦腺中分离单细胞一个例子(Fernandez Vallone等人,2016)。

背景来自腺体的小鼠成体干细胞可以在3D matrigel中离体生长,作为“迷你腺体”无限期(Barker等人,2010) 。与EGF,Noggin和R-spondin 1存在下生长的小鼠成年小肠的干细胞相比,胃干细胞需要进一步补充Fgf10,胃泌素,Wnt3a和更高浓度的R-螺旋菌素1(称为作为ENRFGW)获得生产性文化。直到最近,在干细胞消融后,在离体培养系统中成体再生窦腺是否生长,如果是这样,仍然是未知的。使用本方案,证明了内源性和再生的腺体在接种时不会类似地生长并且表现出不同的生长培养要求。

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