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A549

A549

Company: ATCC
Catalog#: CCL-185
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In vivo Tumor Growth and Spontaneous Metastasis Assays Using A549 Lung Cancer Cells
Author:
Date:
2020-04-05
[Abstract]  Metastasis accounts for the majority of cancer related deaths. The genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models and cell line-based subcutaneous and orthotopic mouse xenografts have been developed to study the metastatic process. By using lung cancer cell line A549 as an example, we present a modified protocol to establish the cell line-based xenograft. Our protocol ensures sufficient establishment of the mouse xenografts and allows us to monitor tumor growth and spontaneous metastasis. This protocol could be adapted to other types of established cancer cell lines or primary cancer cells to study the mechanism of metastatic process as well as to test the effect of the potential anti-cancer agents on tumor growth and metastatic capacity. [摘要]  [摘要 ] 中号etastasis应收大多数癌症相关死亡。已经开发了基因工程小鼠(GEM)模型以及基于细胞系的皮下和原位小鼠异种移植物,以研究转移过程。以肺癌细胞系A549为例,我们提出了一种改进的方案来建立基于细胞系的异种移植物。我们的协议可确保小鼠异种移植物的充分建立,并允许我们监测肿瘤的生长和自发转移。该方案可适用于其他类型的已建立癌细胞系或原发性癌细胞,以研究转移过程的机制以及测试潜在抗癌药对肿瘤生长和转移能力的影响。

[背景 ] 的5年生存率速率为患者与晚期阶段肺癌症是少大于15%时,与在大多数的患者死于从转移性疾病(斯特和恩格尔曼,2012 ; 惠特塞特,等人,2013 ; D'安东尼奥等人。,2014 ; Steeg的,2016) 。因此,使用鼠标模型来调查的机制的肺肿瘤侵袭和转移可能促进了发展的新的战略来控制的转移过程。

转移是一个多步骤过程是包括本地侵袭,血管内,并且生存在的循环,外渗,一个d建立macrometastasis 在遥远的站点。小鼠异种移植和基因工程小鼠(GEM)模型均已用于研究肺癌转移。GEM模型模仿了人类肺癌的遗传标记,例如TP53 ,K- ras 和LKB1,为研究转移过程的机制以及研究新型抗癌剂如何影响转移过程提供了免疫系统(Dutt和Wong ,2006年)。 ; Zheng ...

Multicolor Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) Microscopy to Generate High-resolution Images of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Particles and Infected Cells
Author:
Date:
2017-09-05
[Abstract]  Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in human lung epithelial A549 cells induces filopodia, cellular protrusions consisting of F-actin, that extend to neighboring uninfected cells (Mehedi et al., 2016). High-resolution imaging via stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy revealed filamentous RSV particles along these filopodia, suggesting that filopodia facilitate RSV cell-to-cell spread (Mehedi et al., 2016). In this protocol, we describe how to fix, permeabilize, immunostain, and mount RSV-infected A549 cells for STED imaging. We show that STED increases resolution compared to confocal microscopy, which can be further improved by image processing using deconvolution software. [摘要]  人肺上皮A549细胞中的呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV)感染诱导丝状伪足,由F-肌动蛋白组成的细胞突起,延伸至相邻的未感染细胞(Mehedi等,2016)。 通过受激发射耗尽(STED)显微镜的高分辨率成像显示沿着这些丝状伪足的丝状RSV颗粒,表明丝状伪足有助于RSV细胞对细胞的扩散(Mehedi等,2016)。 在本协议中,我们描述如何修复,渗透,免疫染色和挂载RSV感染的A549细胞进行STED成像。 我们显示与共聚焦显微镜相比,STED增加了分辨率,可以通过使用去卷积软件的图像处理进一步改进。
【背景】RSV形成多形性病毒颗粒,其长度大约为直径约100nm,长度大约为10μm(Bachi和Howe,1973; Mehedi等,2016)。高分辨率光学显微技术是可视化RSV感染细胞和病毒颗粒之间相互作用的关键。在最近的一项研究中,我们使用超分辨率荧光显微镜来研究人肺上皮A549细胞中的RSV细胞对细胞的扩散。
  STED显微镜是超分辨率显微镜技术之一,已被开发以规避约200nm衍射屏障的光限制(Hell和Wichmann,1994; Westphal等人,2008)。 ...

Differential Salt Fractionation of Nuclei to Analyze Chromatin-associated Proteins from Cultured Mammalian Cells
Author:
Date:
2017-03-20
[Abstract]  Nucleosomes are the core units of cellular chromatin and are comprised of 147 base pairs (bp) of DNA wrapped around an octamer of histone proteins. Proteins such as chromatin remodelers, transcription factors, and DNA repair proteins interact dynamically with chromatin to regulate access to DNA, control gene transcription, and maintain genome integrity. The extent of association with chromatin changes rapidly in response to stresses, such as immune activation, oxidative stress, or viral infection, resulting in downstream effects on chromatin conformation and transcription of target genes. To elucidate changes in the composition of proteins associated with chromatin under different conditions, we adapted existing protocols to isolate nuclei and fractionate cellular chromatin using a ... [摘要]  核小体是细胞染色质的核心单元,由包裹在组蛋白的八聚体周围的147个碱基对(bp)的DNA组成。蛋白质如染色质重组体,转录因子和DNA修复蛋白质与染色质动态相互作用以调控DNA的接触,控制基因转录和维持基因组完整性。与染色质结合的程度响应于诸如免疫激活,氧化应激或病毒感染等应激而迅速变化,导致对染色质构象和靶基因转录的下游作用。为了阐明在不同条件下与染色质相关蛋白质组成的变化,我们调整了现有的方案来分离核,并使用盐浓度的梯度分离细胞染色质。可以通过蛋白质印迹或质谱法评估不同盐部分中特定蛋白质的存在,从而了解与染色质相关的程度。

背景 由于与DNA或组蛋白的电荷相互作用,许多染色质相关蛋白在低盐条件下是不溶的。由于盐破坏了基于电荷的蛋白质DNA和蛋白质 - 蛋白质的相互作用,染色质相关蛋白质随着NaCl浓度的增加而变得更加可溶(Teves和Henikoff,2012)。与DNA强烈结合的蛋白质预期用高盐洗脱,而松散结合的蛋白质(例如转录因子)将用低盐洗脱。我们特别关心病毒感染如何改变与细胞染色质相关的因素的组成。核复制病毒,例如腺病毒,单纯疱疹病毒和爱泼斯坦 - 巴尔病毒,可以显着改变感染期间宿主染色质的出现(Avgousti等人,2016; Lam等人, ,2010; Simpson-Holley等人,2005; ...

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