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SilverQuestTM Silver Staining Kit

SilverQuest TM银染试剂盒

Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: LC6070
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Assay to Measure Interactions between Purified Drp1 and Synthetic Liposomes
Author:
Date:
2017-05-05
[Abstract]  A mitochondrion is a dynamic intracellular organelle that actively divides and fuses to control its size, number and shape in cells. A regulated balance between mitochondrial division and fusion is fundamental to the function, distribution and turnover of mitochondria (Roy et al., 2015). Mitochondrial division is mediated by dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1), a mechano-chemical GTPase that constricts mitochondrial membranes (Tamura et al., 2011). Mitochondrial membrane lipids such as phosphatidic acid and cardiolipin bind Drp1, and Drp1-phospholipid interactions provide key regulatory mechanisms for mitochondrial division (Montessuit et al., 2010; Bustillo-Zabalbeitia et al., 2014; Macdonald et al., 2014; Stepanyants et al., 2015; ... [摘要]  线粒体是一种动态的细胞内细胞器,主动分裂和融合以控制细胞的大小,数量和形状。线粒体分裂和融合之间的调节平衡是线粒体功能,分布和周转的基础(Roy等,2015)。线粒体分化是由动力蛋白相关蛋白1(Drp1)介导的,其是限制线粒体膜的机械化学GTP酶(Tamura等人,2011)。线粒体膜脂质如磷脂酸和心磷脂结合Drp1,并且Drp1磷脂相互作用提供线粒体分裂的关键调控机制(Montessuit等人,2010; Bustillo-Zabalbeitia等人2014年; Macdonald等人,2014年; Stepanyants等人,2015; Adachi等人,2016)。在这里,我们描述了使用纯化的重组Drp1和具有定义的一组磷脂的合成脂质体定量测量Drp1与脂质的相互作用的生物化学实验。该测定使得可以定义蛋白质 - 脂质相互作用的特异性以及头基和酰基链的作用。

背景 蛋白质和膜脂质的相互作用对于细胞如细胞器分裂中生物膜的重塑至关重要。在线粒体分裂中,Drp1限制线粒体膜并驱动该膜重塑过程。我们最近显示,信号磷脂,磷脂酸与Drp1相互作用,并通过限制线粒体上的组装分裂机制(Adachi等人,2016)产生启动步骤。 Drp1识别磷脂酸的头基和酰基链。为了分析Drp1-磷脂酸结合,我们建立了几种蛋白质 - ...

Affinity Purification of the RNA Degradation Complex, the Exosome, from HEK-293 Cells
Author:
Date:
2017-04-20
[Abstract]  The RNA exosome complex plays a central role in RNA processing and regulated turnover. Present both in cytoplasm and nucleus, the exosome functions through associations with ribonucleases and various adapter proteins (reviewed in [Kilchert et al., 2016]). The following protocol describes an approach to purify RNA exosome complexes from HEK-293 cells, making use of inducible ectopic expression, affinity capture, and rate-zonal centrifugation. The obtained RNA exosomes have been used successfully for proteomic, structural, and enzymatic studies (Domanski et al., 2016). [摘要]  RNA外植体复合物在RNA加工和调节营养中起核心作用。在细胞质和细胞核中存在,外来体通过与核糖核酸酶和各种衔接蛋白的关联起作用(参见[Kilchert等人,2016])。以下方案描述了从HEK-293细胞中纯化RNA外来体复合物的方法,利用可诱导的异位表达,亲和力捕获和速率 - 区带离心。所获得的RNA外来体已被成功地用于蛋白质组学,结构和酶学研究(Domanski等人,2016)。

在我们以前的工作中,我们建立了在四环素诱导型CMV启动子(HEK-293 Flp-In T-REx-Thermo Fisher)的控制下表达C末端3xFLAG标记的外来体组分EXOSC10(RRP6)的同基因HEK-293细胞系科学)。该系统允许我们以与内源WT蛋白质相当的水平表达标记的EXOSC10蛋白质,并且使用磁性抗FLAG亲和介质和来源于冷冻细胞粉末的蛋白质提取物来研究外来体纯化方案(Domanski等, / em>。,2012)。进一步探索使用的蛋白质提取条件,我们开发了一种允许在亲和捕获的外来体内保留DIS3(RRP44)的方案,否则证明是困难的(Hakhverdyan等人,2015)。基于这些研究,我们通过使用甘油密度梯度的速率区带离心法进一步纯化了RNA外来体(+/- DIS3)(Domanski等人,2016)。虽然蛋白质提取物中洗涤剂CHAPS(3 - ...

Conjugation of Duplexed siRNN Oligonucleotides with DD-HyNic Peptides for Cellular Delivery of RNAi Triggers
Author:
Date:
2016-04-05
[Abstract]  Despite the great promise that short interfering RNA (siRNA) induced RNAi responses hold as a therapeutic modality, due to their size (~15 kDa) and high negative charge (Bumcrot et al., 2006), siRNAs have no bioavailability and require a delivery agent to enter cells (Figure 1). TAT peptide transduction domain (PTD) has been developed as an agent that mediates cellular delivery of macromolecular therapeutics that otherwise lack bioavailability, making it a tantalizing candidate for siRNA delivery (Farkhani et al., 2014). Unfortunately, when conjugated to TAT PTD, the presence of 40 negative phosphodiester backbone charges on siRNA neutralizes the cationic PTD resulting in aggregation and poor cellular delivery (Meade and Dowdy, 2007). In light of this, we synthesized a ... [摘要]  尽管由于它们的大小(〜15kDa)和高负电荷(Bumcrot等人,2006),短干扰RNA(siRNA)诱导的RNAi反应保持作为治疗模式的巨大希望,siRNA没有生物利用度,需要递送剂进入细胞(图1)。 TAT肽转导结构域(PTD)已经被开发为介导大分子治疗剂的细胞递送的药剂,否则其缺乏生物利用度,使其成为siRNA递送的诱人候选物(Farkhani等人,2014)。不幸的是,当缀合到TAT PTD时,siRNA上40个负磷酸二酯主链电荷的存在中和了导致聚集和差的细胞递送的阳离子PTD(Meade和Dowdy,2007)。鉴于此,我们合成了称为siRibo核中性的中性RNAi触发物,用于与TAT PTD缀合(Meade等人,2014)。简言之,带负电荷的磷酸二酯主链通过具有生物可逆磷酸三酯保护基团的合成来中和,其通过细胞质限制性硫酯酶的作用特异性地转化为细胞内的带电磷酸二酯键,产生可诱导RNAi应答的野生型siRNA。在这里我们描述了与TAT PTD递送结构域(DD)HyNic肽的siRNN寡核苷酸的缀合和细胞递送。

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