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TX-400 4 x 400mL Swinging Bucket Rotor

TX-400 4 x 400mL摆动斗转子

Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: TX-400
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Purifying Properly Folded Cysteine-rich, Zinc Finger Containing Recombinant Proteins for Structural Drug Targeting Studies: the CH1 Domain of p300 as a Case Example
Author:
Date:
2017-09-05
[Abstract]  The transcription factor Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) complexes with the coactivator p300, activating the hypoxia response pathway and allowing tumors to grow. The CH1 and CAD domains of each respective protein form the interface between p300 and HIF. Small molecule compounds are in development that target and inhibit HIF/p300 complex formation, with the goal of reducing tumor growth. High resolution NMR spectroscopy is necessary to study ligand interaction with p300-CH1, and purifying high quantities of properly folded p300-CH1 is needed for pursuing structural and biophysical studies. p300-CH1 has 3 zinc fingers and 9 cysteine residues, posing challenges associated with reagent compatibility and protein oxidation. A protocol has been developed to overcome such issues by incorporating ... [摘要]  与共激活因子p300的转录因子缺氧诱导因子(HIF)复合物,激活缺氧反应途径并允许肿瘤生长。每个相应蛋白质的CH1和CAD结构域形成p300和HIF之间的界面。正在开发靶向和抑制HIF / p300复合物形成的小分子化合物,目的是减少肿瘤生长。研究配体与p300-CH1相互作用的高分辨NMR光谱是必要的,为了进行结构和生物物理学研究,需要净化大量正确折叠的p300-CH1。 p300-CH1具有3个锌指和9个半胱氨酸残基,构成与试剂相容性和蛋白氧化相关的挑战。已经开发了一种通过在表达过程中并入锌并简化纯化时间来克服这些问题的方案,导致适合于结构NMR研究的最佳折叠蛋白质(120mg / 4L表达介质)的高产率。已证实最终重组p300-CH1的结构完整性是使用一维1 H NMR光谱和圆二色性最优的。该方案适用于纯化其他含锌指蛋白质。
【背景】由于不适当的血管灌注,实体瘤的发展与缺氧区的发展有关。对于缺氧微环境,肿瘤细胞过表达低氧诱导因子(HIF),一种异二聚体转录因子家族(Semenza,2002; Brat和Van Meir,2004; Kaur等,2005)。 HIFs结合p300(一种转录共激活因子),形成诱导HIF靶基因的复合物,从而激活缺氧反应途径并促进肿瘤生长(Kasper and Brindle,2006; Liu,2008)。涉及HIF / p300蛋白 ...

Screening for Novel Endogenous Inflammatory Stimuli Using the Secreted Embryonic Alkaline Phosphatase NF-κB Reporter Assay
Author:
Date:
2017-04-05
[Abstract]  An immune response can be activated by pathogenic stimuli, as well as endogenous danger signals, triggering the activation of pattern recognition receptors and initiating signalling cascades that lead to inflammation. This method uses THP1-BlueTM cells, a human monocytic cell line which contains an embryonic alkaline phosphatase reporter gene allowing the detection of NF-κB-induced transcriptional activation. We validated this protocol by assessing NF-κB activation after stimulation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) by two different agonists: lipopolysaccharide (LPS), derived from the cell wall of Gram negative bacteria, and tenascin-C, an extracellular matrix protein whose expression is induced upon tissue injury. We then used this protocol to screen for potential new endogenous ... [摘要]  免疫反应可以被致病性刺激以及内源性危险信号激活,引发模式识别受体的激活并引发导致炎症的信号级联。该方法使用THP1-Blue TM 细胞,其是含有能够检测NF-κB诱导的转录激活的胚胎碱性磷酸酶报告基因的人单核细胞系。通过两种不同的激动剂刺激toll样受体4(TLR4)后,通过评估NF-κB活化来验证该方案:从革兰氏阴性细菌的细胞壁衍生的脂多糖(LPS)和腱生蛋白C,细胞外基质蛋白其组织损伤引起其表达。然后我们使用该方案筛选潜在的新的内源性TLR4激动剂,但是该方法也可以用作快速,经济和可靠的方法来测定导致TLR依赖性NF-κB活化的其它炎性刺激的活性。

免疫系统已经发展成不仅识别病原性刺激物,例如细菌成分和病毒核酸,还包括内源性危险信号,包括从坏死细胞分泌的蛋白质或表达于组织损伤。通过模式识别受体感测到两种类型的刺激,启动触发炎症反应的信号级联。活化的B细胞(NF-κB)的核因子κ-轻链增强子是激活对感染和组织损伤的免疫应答所必需的转录因子。 NF-κB在模式识别受体激活后,在广泛的炎症介质的表达中具有重要作用,包括细胞因子(如肿瘤坏死因子α[TNFα],白细胞介素-6和白细胞介素-1),趋化因子例如白细胞介素-8或CXCL1),蛋白酶,生长因子和MHC相关分子等。为了评估在TLR4下游的该途径的活化,我们使用市售的细胞系THP1-Blue ...

Separation of Free and Bound cAMP in Mycobacteria
Author:
Date:
2016-07-20
[Abstract]  Mycobacterial genomes encode a plethora of genes that are involved in the synthesis, utilization and degradation of cAMP. The genome of M. tuberculosis H37Rv, for example, encodes 16 adenylyl cyclases and 10 genes harbouring the cyclic nucleotide-binding (CNB) domain (Shenoy and Visweswariah, 2006). Cyclic AMP is efficiently secreted by mycobacteria, and cytosolic as well as extracellular levels of cAMP can reach hundreds of micromolar. We have recently reported that an abundantly expressed universal stress protein (USP; Rv1636 in M. tuberculosis H37Rv and MSMEG_3811 in M. smegmatis, respectively) binds cAMP (Banerjee et al., 2015). Given the number of cAMP-binding proteins present in mycobacteria, it is expected that a significant fraction of ... [摘要]  分枝杆菌基因组编码涉及cAMP的合成,利用和降解的大量基因。例如,结核分枝杆菌H37Rv的基因组编码16个腺苷酸环化酶和10个携带环核苷酸结合(CNB)结构域的基因(Shenoy和Visweswariah,2006)。循环AMP由分枝杆菌有效分泌,细胞溶质以及细胞外cAMP水平可达数百微摩尔。我们最近报道,大量表达的普遍应激蛋白(USP; Rv1636在结核分枝杆菌H37Rv和MSMEG_3811分别在耻垢分枝杆菌中)分别结合cAMP(Banerjee等,2015)。鉴于存在于分枝杆菌中的cAMP结合蛋白的数量,预期细胞内cAMP的显着部分可能与蛋白质结合。通常用于测量cAMP的方法是放射免疫测定(RIA)和ELISA。然而,这些方法包括将cAMP“结合”解离成蛋白质的样品的预先酸化,因此代表样品中存在的“总”cAMP。在本协议中,我们描述了一种将cAMP'结合'蛋白质与蛋白质“自由”分离或与蛋白质不相关的方法。这通过使细胞溶质级分或培养物上清液通过具有3kDa截止值的膜过滤来进行。只有'自由'cAMP才能通过膜。因此,滤液中的cAMP浓度代表样品中的“游离”cAMP。原始细胞溶质级分或培养上清液中的环AMP水平代表“总”cAMP浓度。从“总”中减去“自由”提供了与蛋白质结合的cAMP量。

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