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BL21 competent E. coli

BL21 Competent E。大肠杆菌

Company: New England Biolabs
Catalog#: C2530H
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An in vitro Assay to Screen for Substrates of PKA Using Phospho-motif-specific Antibodies
Author:
Date:
2020-04-20
[Abstract]  Kinases function as regulators of many cellular processes such as cell migration. These enzymes typically phosphorylate target motif sequences. Mass spec or phospho-specific antibody detection can be used to determine whether a kinase can phosphorylate proteins of interest, however, mass spec can be expensive and phospho-antibodies for the protein of interest may not exist. In this protocol, we will describe an in vitro kinase assay to provide a preliminary readout on whether a protein of interest may be phosphorylated by PKA. Our protein of interest is purified after expression in bacteria and treated with recombinant PKA from bovine heart. Protein is then extracted and a western blot is performed using a phospho-specific antibody for PKA’s target motif. This will allow us to ... [摘要]  [摘要 ] 激酶可充当许多细胞过程(例如细胞迁移)的调节剂,这些酶通常可磷酸化靶基序序列,质谱或磷酸特异性抗体检测可用于确定激酶是否可磷酸化目标蛋白。能成为规格昂贵和磷酸化抗体蛋白的兴趣可能就不存在。在这个协议中,我们将介绍一种在体外 激酶测定法可提供有关目的蛋白是否可被PKA磷酸化的初步读数。我们的目的蛋白在细菌中表达后纯化,并用牛心脏的重组PKA处理,然后提取蛋白,并使用蛋白印迹进行蛋白质印迹磷酸化针对PKA靶标的特异性抗体,这将使我们能够快速确定PKA是否可能使我们感兴趣的蛋白质磷酸化。

[背景 ] 激素和其他因素会通过G连接的G蛋白偶联受体(GPCR)激活腺苷酸环化酶并随后促进第二信使cAMP的产生,从而影响细胞迁移等细胞过程。cAMP水平升高会导致PKA激活,丝氨酸-苏氨酸激酶在迁移细胞中肌动蛋白细胞骨架动力学的调节中起着重要作用.PKA影响肌动蛋白细胞骨架调节过程的不同方面,包括a)Rho-fa 微小GTPases (Rho,Rac 和Cdc42)的调节活性, B)肌动蛋白结合蛋白(例如,VASP [血管舒张兴奋剂的UI Ated磷蛋白]),C)激酶间接地控制肌动蛋白结合蛋白(的作用例如,P21活化激酶)和d)肌球蛋白(豪,2004) 。但是,PKA和其他激酶也可以通过磷酸化调节其他蛋白质,目前尚不知道。

有M 的UI ...

Determination of Cellular Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate (PI3P) Levels Using a Fluorescently Labelled Selective PI3P Binding Domain (PX)
Author:
Date:
2016-08-20
[Abstract]  The lipid Phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate [PtdIns3P or PI(3)P] plays many membrane trafficking roles and is primarily produced by the Class III PI3K, VPS34. Determining the level of cellular PI(3)P however can be complex. Extraction of cellular lipids by methanol/chloroform can struggle to separate and identify distinct phospholipid species. Alternately mass spectrometry may be utilised but this requires significant set up of specialised equipment and time to utilise.

Use of a PI(3)P-binding-specific recombinant protein domain is a quick method for ascertaining cellular PI(3)P levels and can also allow visualisation of sub-cellular localisation. The PX domain of p40phox (herein referred to as PX) is very specific for PI(3)P over other phospholipid species (Kanai et al., ...
[摘要]  脂质磷脂酰肌醇-3-磷酸[PtdIns3P或PI(3)P]扮演许多膜贩运角色,主要由III类PI3K,VPS34产生。然而,确定细胞PI(3)P的水平可以是复杂的。通过甲醇/氯仿提取细胞脂质可能难以分离和鉴定不同的磷脂种类。或者可以使用质谱法,但这需要大量设置专门的设备和时间来利用。
 使用PI(3)P结合特异性重组蛋白结构域是用于确定细胞PI(3)P水平的快速方法,并且还可以允许亚细胞定位的可视化。 p40phox的PX结构域(本文称为PX)对PI(3)P比其它磷脂种类非常特异(Kanai等人,2001)。然而,在细胞中直接表达PX可能是有问题的,因为它将以显性负性方式作用,以比内源蛋白更大的亲和力结合和螯合PI(3)P,从而干扰细胞途径和PI(3)P水平。因此,使用荧光标记的PX后细胞固定更合适,因为它能突出显示PI(3)富集结构,没有扰乱系统的风险。

RAB21 Activity Assay Using GST-fused APPL1
Author:
Date:
2016-02-20
[Abstract]  The Rab family of small GTPases are essential regulators of membrane trafficking events. As with other small GTPase families, Rab GTPases cycle between an inactive GDP- bound state and an active GTP-bound state. Guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) promote Rab activation with the exchange of bound GDP for GTP, while GTPase-activating proteins (GAPs) regulate Rab inactivation with GTP hydrolysis. Numerous methods have been established to monitor the activation status of Rab GTPases. Of those, FRET-based methods are used to identify when and where a Rab GTPase is activated in cells. Unfortunately, the generation of such probes is complex, and only a limited number of Rabs have been probed this way. Biochemical purification of activated Rabs from cell or tissue extracts is easily ... [摘要]  小GTP酶的Rab家族是膜运输事件的必要调节剂。与其他小GTP酶家族一样,Rab GTP酶在不活动的GDP结合状态和活性GTP结合状态之间循环。鸟嘌呤核苷酸交换因子(GEF)促进Rab激活与交换绑定GDP GTP,而GTPase激活蛋白(GAP)调节Rab失活与GTP水解。已经建立了许多方法来监测Rab GTPases的活化状态。其中,基于FRET的方法用于鉴定细胞中Rab GTPase在何时和何地被激活。不幸的是,这种探针的产生是复杂的,并且只有有限数量的Rab已经以这种方式探测。来自细胞或组织提取物的活化的Rabs的生物化学纯化通过使用已知的Rab效应结构域以下拉特定的GTP结合的Rab形式是容易实现的。虽然这种方法不是理想的详细的亚细胞定位,它可以提供Rab活动的时间分辨率。越来越多的特异性效应物的鉴定现在允许在特定条件下测试许多Rab GTP酶的活化水平。在这里,我们描述了一种亲和纯化方法使用GST融合APPL1(一种已知的RAB21效应)来测试哺乳动物细胞中的RAB21激活。该方法成功地用于测定RAB21激活状态下营养丰富与饥饿条件下的变化,并测试在此过程中MTMR13 RAB21 GEF的需求。

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