| Phagocytosis Assay of Necroptotic Cells by Cardiac Myofibroblasts
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Author:
Date:
2017-09-20
[Abstract] In myocardial infarction (MI), a plenty of cardiomyocytes undergo necrosis and necroptosis due to the lack of oxygen and nutrients. The dead cardiomyocytes are promptly engulfed by phagocytes. When the dead cells are not engulfed, the noxious contents of the cells are released outside, and thus, induce inflammation, and obstruct the function of organs. Therefore, phagocytosis is crucial for maintaining homeostasis of organs. Herein, we describe a protocol of an in vitro phagocytosis assay of necroptotic cells.
[摘要] 在心肌梗死（MI）中，由于缺氧和营养，大量心肌细胞发生坏死和坏死。 死亡心肌细胞迅速吞噬吞噬细胞。 当死细胞不被吞没时，细胞的有害物质被释放到外部，从而引起炎症，并阻碍器官的功能。 因此，吞噬对维持器官的体内平衡至关重要。 在这里，我们描述了一种神经细胞的体外吞噬作用测定方案。
【背景】以前，认为坏死性坏死细胞和坏死核细胞只能通过心脏巨噬细胞在失败的心脏中消除。 然而，我们发现负责组织纤维化的心脏肌成纤维细胞在MI后吞噬死细胞（Nakaya等，2017）。 本文中，我们提供了一种细胞凋亡细胞的体外吞噬作用的详细方案，采用在caspase-3抑制剂Z-VAD-FMK中通过TNF-α刺激进行人脑坏死的L929细胞。
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| An Assay to Determine Phagocytosis of Apoptotic Cells by Cardiac Macrophages and Cardiac Myofibroblasts
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Author:
Date:
2017-09-20
[Abstract] In myocardial infarction (MI), a number of cardiomyocytes undergo apoptosis. These apoptotic cardiomyocytes are promptly engulfed by phagocytes. If the dead cells are not engulfed, their noxious contents are released outside, resulting in induction of inflammation. Therefore, the removal of these dead cells is necessary. However, the contribution of each phagocyte type to the removal of apoptotic cells in infarcted hearts remains unresolved. Here, we describe an in vitro protocol for a phagocytosis assay to compare the engulfment ability of cardiac macrophages and cardiac myofibroblasts.
[摘要] 在心肌梗死（MI）中，许多心肌细胞凋亡。 这些凋亡心肌细胞被吞噬细胞迅速吞噬。 如果死细胞没有被吞没，其有害物质被释放到外面，导致炎症的诱导。 因此，需要去除这些死细胞。 然而，每个吞噬细胞类型对梗塞心脏中凋亡细胞的去除的贡献仍未解决。 在这里，我们描述了吞噬作用测定的体外方案来比较心脏巨噬细胞和心脏肌成纤维细胞的吞噬能力。
【背景】长期以来一直认为，心脏巨噬细胞消除了失败的心脏中产生的凋亡细胞。 然而，我们发现负责组织纤维化的心脏肌成纤维细胞也具有在MI后吞噬凋亡细胞的能力（Nakaya等，2017）。 这一发现促使我们比较心脏巨噬细胞和心脏肌成纤维细胞的吞噬能力。 在这里，我们提供了一个详细的体外吞噬试验方案来评估吞噬吞噬的程度。
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| Limiting Dilution Assays to Determine Frequencies of Lymphohematopoietic Progenitors
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Author:
Date:
2014-02-20
[Abstract] This protocol is useful to determine the frequencies of lymphohematopoietic progenitors in tested samples. To effectively support the growth and differentiation of primitive lymphohematopoietic progenitors, complex signals from stromal cells are important. Several stromal cell lines are known to support both lymphoid and myeloid cells simultaneously in mouse. In this protocol, we introduce two stromal co-culture systems for murine lymphohematopoietic progenitors and their application for limiting dilution assays.
[摘要] 这个协议是有用的确定淋巴造血祖细胞在测试样品中的频率。 为了有效支持原始淋巴造血祖细胞的生长和分化，来自基质细胞的复合信号是重要的。 已知几种基质细胞系在小鼠中同时支持淋巴和骨髓细胞。 在这个协议，我们介绍两个基质共培养系统鼠淋巴造血祖细胞及其应用限制稀释测定。
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