| Murine Pharmacokinetic Studies
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Author:
Date:
2018-10-20
[Abstract] Murine pharmacokinetics (PK) represents the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination of drugs from the body, which helps to guide clinical studies, ultimately resulting in more effective drug treatment. The purpose of this protocol is to describe a serial bleeding protocol, obtaining blood samples at six time points from single mouse to yield a complete PK profile. This protocol has proved to be rapid, highly repeatable, and relatively easy to acquire. Comparing with the conventional PK studies, this method not only dramatically reduces animal usage, but also decreases sample variation obtained from different animals.
[摘要] 小鼠药代动力学（PK）代表了体内药物的吸收，分布，代谢和消除，这有助于指导临床研究，最终导致更有效的药物治疗。 该方案的目的是描述连续出血方案，在单个小鼠的六个时间点获得血液样品以产生完整的PK谱。 该协议已被证明是快速的，高度可重复的，并且相对容易获得。 与传统的PK研究相比，该方法不仅大大减少了动物的使用，而且减少了从不同动物获得的样本变异。
【背景】Pharmacokinetic，来自古希腊药物“药物”和kinetikos“运动”，研究身体如何处理药物。 体内>小鼠PK研究对于确保化合物在临床前药理学和毒性研究中具有适当的PK特性至关重要。可以在血液，血浆，尿液或其他易于取样的流体中测量药物浓度。然而，体内> PK研究传统上是低通量实验：每个化合物6-12个末端血液样品一式三份，每个研究需要18-36只小鼠。高动物使用和劳动密集型采样是这种常规检测的主要障碍。随着生物分析方法灵敏度的提高，已经报道了增加PK的努力，包括使用盒式给药（Berman et al。>，1997，Korfmacher et al。>， 2001），Snapshot PK方法（Liu et al。>，2008）以及最近的Fast PK（Reddy et ...
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| Extraction, Purification and Quantification of Diffusible Signal Factor Family Quorum-sensing Signal Molecules in Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae
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Author:
Date:
2017-03-20
[Abstract] Bacteria use quorum-sensing (QS) systems to monitor and regulate their population density. Bacterial QS involves small molecules that act as signals for bacterial communication. Many Gram-negative bacterial pathogens use a class of widely conserved molecules, called diffusible signal factor (DSF) family QS signals. The measurement of DSF family signal molecules is essential for understanding DSF metabolic pathways, signaling networks, as well as regulatory roles. Here, we describe a method for the extraction of DSF family signal molecules from Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) cell pellets and Xoo culture supernatant. We determined the levels of DSF family signals using ultra-performance liquid chromatographic system (UPLC) coupled with accurate mass ...
[摘要] 细菌使用群体感知（QS）系统监测和调节其人口密度。细菌QS涉及作为细菌通信信号的小分子。许多革兰氏阴性细菌病原体使用一类广泛保守的分子，称为扩散信号因子（DSF）家族QS信号。 DSF家族信号分子的测量对于了解DSF代谢途径，信号网络以及调节作用至关重要。在这里，我们描述了从Xanthomonas oryzae pv提取DSF家族信号分子的方法。 （ Xoo ）细胞沉淀和Xoo 培养上清液。我们使用超高效液相色谱系统（UPLC）与准确的质量飞行时间质谱仪（TOF-MS）联合测定DSF家族信号的水平。在UPLC / MS系统的帮助下，DSF的检测限低至1μM，大大提高了在细菌培养和反应混合物中检测DSF DSF家族信号分子的能力。
背景 黄单胞菌属 oryzae pv。米糠X ae））））））））））y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y y十二碳烯酸（DSF），顺式-2-十二碳烯酸（BDSF），顺式-10-甲基-2-十二碳烯酸（IDSF）和顺式<顺式 -11-甲基十二烷-2,5-二烯酸（CDSF），以调节毒力因子产生（图1）。 DSF家族信号的生物合成，感知和周转需要Xoo 中的rpf ...
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| Experimental Liver Fibrosis and Intrasplenic Transplantation of CD45+ Bone Marrow Cells
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Author:
Date:
2016-10-20
[Abstract] Liver fibrosis results from the excessive collagen deposition (collagen scar) by activated hepatic stellate cells (HpSCs), leading to the inhibition of normal liver regeneration and function. Fibrogenesis is a complex mechanism involving both the synthesis and degradation of matrix proteins by different cell types, mainly macrophages in the liver. Carbon tetrachloride-induced fibrosis (CCl4) and cirrhosis is one of the oldest, simplest and probably the most widely used toxin-based experimental model for the induction of fibrosis. Here we have explained experimental animal model of liver fibrosis using CCl4, injecting twice a week for a period of 8 weeks. In these fibrotic mice, bone marrow (BM) derived CD45+ cells were transplanted via intrasplenic route ...
[摘要] Liver fibrosis results from the excessive collagen deposition (collagen scar) by activated hepatic stellate cells (HpSCs), leading to the inhibition of normal liver regeneration and function. Fibrogenesis is a complex mechanism involving both the synthesis and degradation of matrix proteins by different cell types, mainly macrophages in the liver. Carbon tetrachloride-induced fibrosis (CCl4) and cirrhosis is one of the oldest, simplest and probably the most widely used toxin-based experimental model for the induction of fibrosis. Here we have explained experimental animal model of ...
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