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NalgeneTM Oak Ridge High-Speed Centrifuge Tubes

Nalgene TM橡树岭高速离心管

Company: Thermo Fisher Scientific
Catalog#: 3114-0050
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Heterologous Expression and Purification of the CRISPR-Cas12a/Cpf1 Protein
Author:
Date:
2018-05-05
[Abstract]  This protocol provides step by step instructions (Figure 1) for heterologous expression of Francisella novicida Cas12a (previously known as Cpf1) in Escherichia coli. It additionally includes a protocol for high-purity purification and briefly describes how activity assays can be performed. These protocols can also be used for purification of other Cas12a homologs and the purified proteins can be used for subsequent genome editing experiments.


Figure 1. Timeline of activities for the heterologous expression and purification of Francisella novicida Cas12a (FnCas12a) from Escherichia coli
[摘要]  该协议提供了分步说明(图1),用于在大肠杆菌中异源表达新西兰弗朗西斯菌弗朗西丝菌Cas12a(以前称为Cpf1)。 它还包括一个高纯度纯化方案,并简要介绍如何进行活性测定。 这些方案也可以用于其他Cas12a同系物的纯化,并且纯化的蛋白质可以用于随后的基因组编辑实验。

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图1.从大肠杆菌 异源表达和纯化<弗朗西斯弗朗西丝菌 Cas12a(FnCas12a)的活动时间表

【背景】原核CRISPR-Cas免疫系统通过使用CRISPR RNA(crRNA)作为外源DNA或RNA的序列特异性靶向的指导来提供针对病毒和质粒的保护(van der Oost等人,2014; Marraffini ,2015)。 1类CRISPR-Cas系统(包含I型,III型和IV型)通常形成多亚基蛋白-cRNA效应复合物,而2类系统(包含II型,V型和VI型)依赖于单个crRNA-引导的效应物核酸酶用于目标干扰(Mohanraju et al。 2016年)。

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Preparation and Analysis of Crude Autolytic Enzyme Extracts from Staphylococcus aureus
Author:
Date:
2015-12-20
[Abstract]  The metabolism of the cell surface during bacterial cell division involves synthesis and degradation of peptidoglycan (PGN), the major component of the bacterial cell wall. Bacteria have to ensure that their surface remains capable of withstanding high turgor pressures and, simultaneously, that the PGN at their surface is concealed from receptors produced by the host innate immune system. For cell separation to occur, and for PGN to be kept concealed, “old” PGN is degraded by specific PGN hydrolases, also known as autolysins, that are found at the bacterial cell surface or that are secreted into the growth medium.

Bacterial PGN hydrolases are cell wall lytic enzymes that comprise a broad and diverse group of proteins. It is often difficult to assign a specific function to a ...
[摘要]  细菌细胞分裂期间细胞表面的代谢涉及细菌细胞壁的主要组分肽聚糖(PGN)的合成和降解。细菌必须确保它们的表面能够承受高的膨胀压力,同时,它们表面的PGN被宿主先天免疫系统产生的受体所掩盖。为了发生细胞分离,并且对于PGN保持隐蔽,“老”PGN由在细菌细胞表面发现或分泌到生长培养基中的特定PGN水解酶(也称为自溶素)降解。
细菌PGN水解酶是包含广泛和多样化蛋白质组的细胞壁溶解酶。主要是因为生物体可以具有大量具有冗余活性的水解酶,并且一种水解酶可以具有多种酶活性并参与各种细胞过程(Vollmer等,2008),通常难以将特定功能分配给PGN水解酶。 。枯草芽孢杆菌35种已知或假设的PGN水解酶,而大肠杆菌(E.coli)和金黄色葡萄球菌(金黄色葡萄球菌)分别具有约16和19个PGN水解酶(Vollmer,2012; Heidrich等,2001; Singh et al。 ,2012)。
PGN水解酶可分为三大类:糖苷酶,酰胺酶和肽酶。糖苷酶切割聚糖主链,分为N-乙酰氨基葡糖苷酶和N-乙酰神经酰胺酶。酰胺酶切割肽链和聚糖链的N-乙酰神经酰胺残基之间的连接。肽酶,如内肽酶和羧肽酶能够切割PGN干肽的不同氨基酸之间的肽键。
在这里,我们描述了提取与金黄色葡萄球菌细胞壁非共价连接的PGN水解酶的方法(Vollmer,2008)。含有变性PGN水解酶的提取物的分析是通过运行Zymogram凝胶(含有粗细菌细胞壁或底物细胞的SDS-PAGE凝胶)进行的,然后将其在非变性缓冲液中温育以允许PGN水解酶复性。然后可以通过产生在细胞壁消化发生时观察到的清除条带来鉴定这些复性酶。方案分为三个步骤:A)从金黄色葡萄球菌细胞中制备粗自动提取物; ...

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