| Evaluation of Nodulation Speed by Sinorhizobium Strains
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Author:
Date:
2015-08-05
[Abstract] Rhizobia interact symbiotically with legumes to form root nodules, where by rhizobia fix atmospheric dinitrogen into ammonia in exchange for carbon produced via photosynthesis. The symbiotic interaction is agriculturally important by reducing the need for fertilizer containing nitrogen. The root and stem nodule bacteria commonly include bacteria in the genera Rhizobium, Mesorhizobium, Sinorhizobium (Ensifer), and Bradyrhizobium, although other genera of bacteria have now been shown to form root nodule symbioses with several legume species (Weir, 2012). Different rhizobial strains form different numbers of nodules on specific legume plant varieties (or cultivars), and the nitrogen fixing effectiveness of each rhizobial strain, its ability to fix ...
[摘要] 根瘤菌与豆科植物共生相互作用形成根瘤，其中根瘤菌将大气氮固定为氨，以交换通过光合作用产生的碳。共生相互作用在农业上是重要的，通过减少对含氮肥的需要。根和茎结节细菌通常包括根瘤菌属，中生根瘤菌，中华根瘤菌属（ Ensifer ）和 Bradyrhizobium >，虽然其他属的细菌现在已经显示形成根瘤与多种豆科物种的共生（Weir，2012）。不同的根瘤菌菌株在特定豆科植物品种（或品种）上形成不同数目的结节，并且每种根瘤菌菌株的氮固定效率，其固定氮并将其转移到植物的能力也是高度可变的（Toro，1996）。一些天然根瘤菌在固氮但在所生长的植物中形成大多数结节方面无效。这被称为结瘤问题的竞争（Triplett和Sadowsky，1992）。当评估大量不同的天然菌株时，竞争研究是不可行的。然而，单个菌株的结瘤速度与总体竞争性良好相关，并且可用于鉴定克服竞争问题的天然菌株（De Oliveira和Graham，1990; Bhuvaneswari等人，1980）。
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| Quantitative Evaluation of Competitive Nodulation among Different Sinorhizobium Strains
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Author:
Date:
2015-08-05
[Abstract] Legumes play a vital role in global food supply because they are uniquely capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen (N) through symbioses with root and stem nodule bacteria, collectively called the rhizobia. These commonly include bacteria in the genera Rhizobium, Mesorhizobium, Sinorhizobium (Ensifer), and Bradyrhizobium, although other genera of bacteria have now been shown to form root nodule symbioses with several legume species (Weir, 2012). The symbiotic interaction is important for agricultural productivity, especially in less developed countries where nitrogen fertilizer is expensive. However, nodulation ability and competitiveness have practical importance in agricultural production, because the inoculation of efficient rhizobia is often ...
[摘要] 豆类在全球食物供应中起着至关重要的作用，因为它们独特地能够通过与根和茎结节细菌的共生固定大气氮（N），统称为根瘤菌。这些通常包括根瘤菌属，中生根瘤菌属，中华根瘤菌属（ Ensifer ）和 Bradyrhizobium 属中的细菌，的细菌现已显示与几种豆科物种形成根瘤共生（Weir，2012）。共生相互作用对于农业生产力是重要的，特别是在其中氮肥昂贵的欠发达国家中。然而，结瘤能力和竞争力在农业生产中具有实际重要性，因为高效根瘤菌的接种通常不成功，这主要是由于土壤中存在无效的土着根瘤菌的竞争性群体（Toro，1996; Triplett和Sadowsky， 。该协议允许我们定量评价中华根瘤菌菌株的相对结瘤竞争性。
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