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Bromophenol blue

溴酚蓝

Company: Sigma-Aldrich
Catalog#: 114391
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Analysis of in vivo Interaction between RNA Binding Proteins and Their RNA Targets by UV Cross-linking and Immunoprecipitation (CLIP) Method
Author:
Date:
2017-05-20
[Abstract]  RNA metabolism is tightly controlled across different tissues and developmental stages, and its dysregulation is one of the molecular hallmarks of cancer. Through direct binding to specific sequence element(s), RNA binding proteins (RBPs) play a pivotal role in co- and post-transcriptional RNA regulatory events. We have recently demonstrated that, in pancreatic cancer cells, acquisition of a drug resistant (DR)-phenotype relied on upregulation of the polypyrimidine tract binding protein (PTBP1), which in turn is recruited to the pyruvate kinase pre-mRNA and favors splicing of the oncogenic PKM2 variant. Herein, we describe a step-by-step protocol of the ultraviolet (UV) light cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP) method to determine the direct binding of an RBP to specific regions ... [摘要]  RNA代谢在不同的组织和发育阶段被严格控制,其失调是癌症的分子特征之一。 通过直接结合特定的序列元件,RNA结合蛋白(RBP)在共转录和转录后调控事件中起关键作用。 我们最近证实,在胰腺癌细胞中,获得耐药(DR) - 表型取决于多聚嘧啶区结合蛋白(PTBP1)的上调,其又被引入丙酮酸激酶前mRNA并有利于剪接 致癌性PKM2变体。 在这里,我们描述了紫外(UV)光交联和免疫沉淀(CLIP)方法的逐步方案,以确定RBP与贴壁人细胞系中其目标RNA的特定区域的直接结合。

背景 在细胞核中转录时,新生的RNA立即与被称为RNA结合蛋白(RBP)的反式因子立即组装。这些因子直接与RNA分子中特定的顺式调控序列相互作用,从而形成核糖核蛋白(RNP)复合物(Dreyfuss et al。,2002; ...

Expression and Purification of Cyanobacterial Circadian Clock Protein KaiC and Determination of Its Auto-phosphatase Activity
Author:
Date:
2017-02-20
[Abstract]  Circadian rhythms are biological processes displaying an endogenous oscillation with a period of ~24 h. They allow organisms to anticipate and get prepared for the environmental changes caused mainly by the rotation of Earth. Circadian rhythms are driven by circadian clocks that consist of proteins, DNA, and/or RNA. Circadian clocks of cyanobacteria are the simplest and one of the best studied models. They contain the three clock proteins KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC which can be used for in vitro reconstitution experiments and determination of the auto-phosphatase activity of KaiC as described in this protocol. [摘要]  昼夜节律是显示内源性振荡的生物过程,周期为〜24小时。它们允许生物体预期并准备好主要由地球旋转引起的环境变化。昼夜节律由由蛋白质,DNA和/或RNA组成的昼夜节律钟驱动。蓝藻的昼夜节律时钟是最简单的研究模型之一。它们含有三种时钟蛋白质KaiA,KaiB和KaiC,其可用于体外重组实验和本方案所述的KaiC的自磷酸酶活性的测定。

背景 行星地球的旋转导致〜24小时的昼夜振荡。为了适应并有效地利用环境的这种节奏变化,大多数(如果不是全部)生物体具有约24小时的内源性活动​​节律,这被称为昼夜节律。昼夜节律为这些生物提供进化优势。昼夜节律的长期破坏是非常有害的(Ma et al。,2013)。在人类中,包括癌症,高血压和睡眠障碍在内的许多疾病与昼夜节律紊乱密切相关(Shi等人,2013; Roenneberg和Merrow,2016)。
 昼夜节律由称为昼夜节律钟的内生节律发生器控制。功能性昼夜节律钟具有三个功能:接受环境信息,将环境提示转变为振荡信号,并将这些信号转发到下游调制器(Pattanayak和Rust,2014)。蓝细菌是具有良好研究的昼夜节律钟的最简单的生物体,其中振荡发生器由三种蛋白质控制:KaiA,KaiB和KaiC(Mackey等人,2011; Johnson& et al。 ...

Infection of Nicotiana benthamiana Plants with Potato Virus X (PVX)
Author:
Date:
2016-12-20
[Abstract]  Potato Virus X (PVX) is the type member of Potexvirus genus, a group of plant viruses with a positive-strand RNA genome (~6.4 kb). PVX is able to establish compatible infections in Nicotiana benthamiana, a commonly used host in plant virology, leading to mild symptoms, such as chlorotic mosaic and mottling. PVX has been widely used as a viral vector for more than two decades (Chapman et al., 1992; Baulcombe et al., 1995; Aguilar et al., 2015). It provides a feasible means for the systemic expression in plants of heterologous proteins, such as avirulence factors, proteins with pharmacological properties, etc., (Hammond-Kosack et al., 1995; Gleba et al., 2014), and also as a tool to help decipher the function ... [摘要]  马铃薯病毒X(PVX)是Potexvirus属(一组具有正链RNA基因组(〜6.4kb)的植物病毒)的类型成员。 PVX能够在烟草烟草(Nicotiana benthamiana)中建立相容的感染,这是常用于植物病毒学的宿主,导致轻度症状,如褪色马赛克和斑驳。 PVX已经被广泛用作病毒载体二十多年(Chapman等人,1992; Baulcombe等人,1995; Aguilar等人。它为异源蛋白质植物中的全身表达提供了可行的手段,例如无毒性因子,具有药理学性质的蛋白质,等等(Hammond-Kosack等人, 1995; Gleba等人,2014),并且还作为通过病毒诱导的基因沉默(VACS)(Lacomme和Chapman,2008)帮助解释植物中基因功能的工具。摩擦(A)和农用过滤(B)的两种不同的方案,即允许PVX在N中的有效乘法和传播。本文详细描述本文。摩擦方法需要先前感染的液体,并且通过诱导对叶组织的机械损伤来实现感染,从而允许病毒颗粒穿透植物表面。农杆菌过滤需要先前修饰的农杆菌携带并将PVX序列递送到植物细胞中。将土壤杆菌生长直至饱和,并用注射器将其浸入植物组织中建立感染。这两种方法中的任何一种都可以成功应用,选择应主要基于材料和时间的可用性,但建议在使用嵌合病毒时使用农杆菌滤过。

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